Campylo, Helico, Lawsonia Flashcards
Campylobacteriaceae: general
small, G (-), curved rods that appear as a spirocyte in a chain
NO SPORES
polar flagella at one or both ends
C. jejuni and C. coli are the leading causes of
Food-borne bacterial gastroenteritis in humans
Campylobacter: virulence factors
Cell wall- LPS. C. jejuni- LOS
Capsule, adhesions, flagella, CDT (cytolethal distending toxin), T2SS, T4SS
C. fetus has ____ for serum resistance
long O-antigen chains
Campylobacter: growth characteristics
Microaerobic, Temp, oxidase-positive (but do not oxidize sugars)
C. fetus ssp. veneralis: transmission
venerally- coitus or AI
C. fetus ssp. fetus and C. jejuni: transmission
Ingestion of contaminated food/water or aborted fetus fluids
Campylo: enteric transmission
fecal-oral contaminated food (poultry)
Bovine gential campylobacteriosis causes
Bovine fetal anasarca
Metritis- gray/brown foul smelling exudate
Campylo: repro in sheep and goats
one of the most common causes of ovine abortion (Storms)
Pathognomonic lesion of Campylo infected fetus
Necrotic donut-shape on fetal liver of sheep
about __ % of chicken ceca contain C. jejuni
~50%
all may become contaminated at slaughter
Campylo repro in cattle immunity
bacteria maybe cleared by normal flora.
Older bulls may be carriers for life
vaccine
Campylo repro in sheep and goats-immunity
immune after abortion or vaccine
Campylo: diagnosis
direct exam from samples. Isolation, molecular tests
Campylo: treatment
Vaccination
Cattle repro- streptomycin
S/G repro- tetracycle resistance
Enteric- macrolides, no vaccine
Arcobacter causes
Diarrhea, mastitis, abortion in livestock
Gastroenteritis in humans
Fecal-oral transmission
Arcobacter: growth
aerotolerant, grow at lower temp. will grow on MacConkey
Helicobacter: general
spiral, curved, G(-)
H. pylori causes ___ in humans
persistant gastritis, peptic ulcer disease
Helicobacter virulence factors
Flagella, Urease (ammonium neutralizes gastric acids), adhesions, LPS
Cytotoxin asso. gene pathogenicity island (Cag PAI)
Vaculating Cytotoxin, Cytolethal distending toxin
Helicobacter: growth
Microaerophilic, slow growing, fastidious
flat, non-pigmented, non-hemolytic colonies
Helicobacter: reservior and transmission
Gastric mucus layer of many animals
oral-oral and fecal-oral
Helicobacter: clinical signs
Chronic inflammation
hyperplasia, reduction of mucus, degeneration of glands, necrosis
hepatic inflammation and necrotizing lesions
Helicobacter: diagnosis
Stained smears of gastric mucosa, urease test, PCR, western blot, FISH
difficult to culture
Helicobacter: treatment
most are subclinical infections
resistance develops quickly
Combo therapies
Lawsonia intracellularis: general
G(-), curved rods, obligate intracellular
L. intracellularis causes
Porcine proliferative enteropathy
PPE: infects
pigs, equine
“wet-tail” in hamsters/rodents
PPE: transmission
fecal-oral
PPE: virulence factors
LPS, T3SS
PPE: pathogenesis
Must interact with normal flora for disease
infects distal jejunum and ileum, mild inflammation
PPE: clinical signs
hyperplasia of intestine
“garden host” gut
PPE: diagnosis
necropsy, stained smears of GI, immunohistochem., PCR
isolation not possible
PPE: treatment
tetracyclines, tylosin lincomycin, carbodox,
oral, live att. vaccine
