Mycobacteria Flashcards
Structures of mycobacteria’s cell membrane and cell wall?
Mannophosphoinositide var membrandan başlıyor
Lipoarabinomannan varyine membranda cell wallı da delip geçiyor
Thick peptidoglycan layer
Arabinogalactan starting from peptidoglycan
Mycolic acid at the top of arabinogalactan
On pathogenic mycobacteria there is a special mycolic acid named also cord factor ____
trehalose 6-6’ dimycolic acid
What is atypical mycobacterium?
Mycobacterium that causes other stuff than tuberculosis.Synonyms are NTM,MOTT
General properties of mycobacteria?
Waxy(bcs of highly rich lipid content in cell wall)
Very resistant to all environmental conditions and ab
AEROBİC
NON MOTİLE
NON TOXİGENİC
NON ENCAPSULATED
What is the major virulence factor of mycobacteria?
Cell Wall
What is the 3 major groups of mycobacteria?
Pathogenic
Opportunistic
Saprophytic
What are the pathogenic mycobacterias?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and mycobacterium leprosy
What are the mycobacterium complex mycobacteriums?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium bovis Mycobacterium africanum Mycobacterium microti Mycobacterium caprae Mycobacterium pinnipedil Mycobacterium canettii
Which mycobacterium is used for BCG vaccine formation?
M.bovis
Which mycobacterium can be misdiagnosed as tuberculosis?
M.kansaii
Which mycobacterium saprophytic and also a part of normal flora of skin and airways?
M.smegmatis
What are the 3 culture methods for mycobacterium?
Lowenstein-Jensen medium
Middlebrook medium
Liquid medium based (MGIT)
Lowenstein-Jensen medium contents?
Egg,Potato,Malachite green,Glycerol
Middlebrook medium contents?
Albumin,Agar,Dextrose,Catalase,NaCl
What are the microscopic examination methods for mycobacteria?
Ziehl Neelson method (acid fast bacteria)
Kinyoun method
Auramine rhodamine method(fluorochrome dyes)
What is the best lab method for tuberculosis?
İsolation by culture method
What is the therapy method that WHO found for treatment for tuberculosis patients?
DOT (Direct Observation Therapy)
What are the drugs for tuberculosis?
FİRST 2 MONTHS İSONİAZİD RİFAMPİN PYRAZİNAMİDE ETHAMBUTOL LAST 4 MONTHS İSONİAZİD RİFAMPİN
What is DR,MDR and XDR?
DR:Resistance to any drug
MDR:Resistance to isoniazid and rifampin
XDR:In addition to MDR,resistance to quinolone and one injectable drug
What is the major reasons of resistance of mycobacteria to ab?
High mycolic acid and
High rate of mutation
What is resistance?
%1 growth in the presence of critical concentration of tuberculosis drug
Tuberculoid Leprosy?
Benign and non progressive Macular skin lesions Severe asymmetric nerve involvement few bacilli in lesions positive lepromin test intact cell mediated immunity
Lepramatous Leprosy?
Malignant and progressive Nodular skin lesions(Destructs bone and cartilage) Symmetric nerve involvement Abundant bacilli in lesions Negative lepromin test Deficient cell mediated immunity
