Actinomycetes

Question 1

What are 2 main subclasses of actinomycetes?

Answer 1

Aerobic and Anaerobic

Question 2

Anaerobic Actinomycetes?

Answer 2

Propionibacterium
Bifidobacterium
Eubacterium
Actinomyces

Question 3

What are the 2 subgroups of aerobic actinomycetes?

Answer 3

Aerobic with mycolic acid&Aerobic with no mycolic acid

Question 4

What are the actinomycetes with mycolic acid?

Answer 4

Corynebactericeae
Mycobactericeae
Nocardiaceae

Question 5

What are the actinomycetes with no mycolic acid?

Answer 5

Actinomadura
Nocardiopsis
Streptomyces
Tropheryma
Thermophilic Actinomyctes

Question 6

Which of the BİG FOUR can cause MADURA FOOT(MYCETOMA)?

Answer 6

**NOCARDİA
ACTİNOMADURA
NOCARDİOPSİS
STREPTOMYCES

Question 7

What does tropheryma cause?

Answer 7

Whipple’s Disease—>causes malnutrition

Question 8

What does thermophilic actinomyctes cause?

Answer 8

Farmer’s Lung(Type 2 Hypersensitivity)=

EXTRİNSİC ALLERGİC ALVEOLİTİS

Question 9

Actinomyces is catalase___

Nocardia is catalase ____

Answer 9

-

+

Question 10

Actinomyces and Nocardia common features?

Answer 10

Gram +

Branching bacilli

Question 11

Actinomyces features?

Answer 11

Strictly anaerobic/facultatively anaerobic
Fastidious
Low virulence and ENDOGENOUS
NO HUMAN TO HUMAN TRANSMİSSİON

Question 12

____ is PATHOGNOMONİC FOR ACTİNOMYCETES

Answer 12

Sulfur Granules

Question 13

What is sulfur granule?

Answer 13

Not a virulence factor,does not contain real sulfur
Named as sulfur bcs it’s yellow/orange
THEY ARE MACROSCOPİC COLONİES OF ACTİNOMYCES WHİCH ARE CONNECTED WİTH CALCİUM PHOSPHATE

Question 14

What are the species of actinomyces?

Answer 14

A.israelii(MOST COMMON,%50)
A.viscous
A.meyeri
A.naeslundi
A.odontolyticus

Question 15

Which actinomyces cause molar tooth colonies?

Answer 15

A.israelii

Question 16

Which actinomyces is CATALASE POSİTİVE?

Answer 16

A.viscous

Question 17

Which actinomyces has pigment?

Answer 17

A.odontolyticus(red-brown)

Question 18

What can actinomyces cause?

Answer 18

Chronic Granulamatous Disease
Cervicofacial actinomycosis********
Thorasic actinomycosis
Abdominal actinomycosis
Pelvic actinomycosis
CNS actinomycosis

Question 19

İn severe cases _____ penetrate into surrounding muscle and bone

Answer 19

Cervicofacial actinomycosis

Question 20

Cause of Cervicofacial actinomycosis is mainly ___

Answer 20

Poor Oral Hygiene

Question 21

Cause of Thorasic actinomycosis is mainly ___

Answer 21

Aspiration

Question 22

Cause of Pelvic actinomycosis is mainly____

Answer 22

Intrauterine devices

Question 23

As the infection progress,extensive fibrosis hardness the healed wound and it is called____

Answer 23

Woody consistency

Question 24

How does sulfur granules look w/Gram staning?

Answer 24

Hairy

Question 25

Nocardiaceae?

Answer 25

``` Obligate anaerobs Acid fast bacilli(weak acids!!!! ile) Can grow on most media Use carbohydrate oxidatively Dry-waxy white-orange colonies ```

Question 26

What are the species of Nocardia?

Answer 26

N.asteroides N.brasiliensis N.otidis caviarum

Question 27

Which Nocardia CAN SPREAD HEMATOGENOUSLY?

Answer 27

N.asteroides

Question 28

Nocardia is an ___genous infection

Answer 28

EXO

Question 29

Actinomyces is an ___genous infection

Answer 29

Endo

Question 30

What can nocardia cause?

Answer 30

Bronchopulmonary infections Cutaneous infections CNS infections(in 1/3 of bronchopulmonary infections)

Question 31

What does N.asteroides cause?

Answer 31

PRİMARY bronchopulmonary infx | SECONDARY cutaneous infx

Question 32

What are the primary skin infections of nocardia?

Answer 32

Mycetoma Lymphocutaneous infections Cellulitis Subcutaneous İnfections

Question 33

What is a Lymphocutaneous infection?

Answer 33

CHRONİC cutaneous nodules+ulcerations along lymphatics.

Question 34

What does N.brasiliensis and N.otidis caviarum cause?

Answer 34

PRİMARY CUTANEOUS İNFX

Question 35

There is ___ PROGNOSİS for immunosuppressed people for NOCARDİA

Answer 35

POOR

Question 36

Nocardia is an ____ infection found usually in ___ rich in ____.

Answer 36

EXOGENOUS SOİLS ORGANİC MATERİAL