Mutations Unit 1

Question 1

What name is given to an individual affected by a mutation ?

Answer 1

Mutant

Question 2

Name some mutagenic agents ?

Answer 2

• X-rays
• Gamma rays
• Mustard gas
• UV lights

Question 3

Name three point mutations which are single gene mutations ?

Answer 3

• Substitution
• Insertion
• Deletion

Question 4

Name two point mutations that cause the frameshift effect ?

Answer 4

Insertion and deletion

Question 5

When could substitution cause a major affect on an individual ?

Answer 5

When the substitution causes a codon to become a stop codon

Question 6

What name is given to the proteins that still function but have had only slight changes made to their structure ?

Answer 6

Missense

Question 7

What name is given to proteins that do no make any sense at all and are unable to function ?

Answer 7

Nonsense

Question 8

What name is given to a mutation where introns are retained in error during splicing ?

Answer 8

Splice-site mutation

Question 9

Name 4 examples of chromosome mutations ?

Answer 9

• Duplication
• Inversion
• Deletion
• Translocation

Question 10

What name is given to the mutation when some genes are deleted from the chromosome ?

Answer 10

Deletion

Question 11

What name is given to the mutation where some of the genes from one chromosome break off and join with the genes on a completely different chromosome ?

Answer 11

Translocation

Question 12

What name is given to a mutation when some of the genes rotate 180 degrees on a chromosome ?

Answer 12

Inversion

Question 13

Describe the effect that a frameshift mutation within a gene has on the protein formed

Answer 13

All amino acids after the mutation is changed