Divisions of the Nervous System and Neural Pathways Unit 3 Flashcards
Name two divisions of the nervous system
Central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system
Which two components make up the central nervous system ?
Brain and spinal chord
Name the nerves that carry nerve impulses from the receptors in the body towards the CNS
Sensory nerves
Name the set of nerves that carry nerve impulses away from the CNS towards the effectors (e.g. muscles and glands)
Motor neurons
Name the two branches of the peripheral nervous system
Somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system
Out of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system, which one controls voluntary movements ?
Somatic nervous system
Out of the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system, which one controls involuntary movements without the person’s control being involved ?
Autonomic nervous system
What are the names of the two sets of nerves that make up the autonomic nervous system that prepare the body for action and returns it to normal after the action is over ?
Sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves
What word is used to describe the fact that the sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves exert opposite effects ?
Antagonistic
Describe what the sympathetic nerves do to the heart rate, breathing rate, rate of digestion and secretion of adrenaline to prepare the body for action
They increase apart from the rate of digestion which decreases under sympathetic nerves action
Describe what the parasympathetic nerves do to the heart rate, breathing rate and rate of digestion ?
They decrease apart from the rate of digestion which increases under the action of the parasympathetic nerves
Which organ does not have a parasympathetic nerve going to it, despite having a sympathetic nerve going to it ?
Adrenal glands
How does the secretion of adrenaline get stopped ?
The sympathetic nerves stop stimulating the adrenal glands and levels of adrenaline gradually decrease
What term is used to describe the action that the body performs after stimulation by the sympathetic nerves ?
Fight or flight response
What term is used to describe the action that the body performs after stimulation by the parasympathetic nerves ?
Rest and digest response
