Mutations And Mitosis Flashcards
0
Q
Types Of mutation-
A
Substitution, deletion, and insertion
1
Q
Mutation-
A
Alteration in sequence of nucleotides
2
Q
Silent mutation –
A
Does not change the protein
3
Q
Missense-
A
Changes the codon on the strand, changing the amino acid
4
Q
Nonsense –
A
Changes the codon to make a stop codon
5
Q
Frameshift mutation –
A
when one or more nucleotide is inserted or deleted causing a change in the sequence that alters the protein
6
Q
Two Ways to get a mutation-
A
Acquired or inherited
7
Q
How to get a required mutation?
A
Either chemical, benzene, ultraviolet light, nitrous oxide, or radiation
8
Q
How many cells are in your body?
A
Around 50-100 trillion cells
9
Q
Why do cells remain small?
A
- Rate of diffusion (diffusion is fast over short distances but slow over long distances)
- nucleus-can control the entire cell
- Surface area to volume ratio
10
Q
Interphase
A
- Growth
- DNA is replicated
- More organelles
11
Q
Prophase-
A
- nuclear envelope begins to disappear
- centrioles (animal cells only) appear and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell
- spindle fibers form in between poles
12
Q
Metaphase-
A
- Chromosomes line up in the middle
- Centrioles at opposite ends
- Spindle fibers attach to chromosomes
13
Q
Anaphase-
A
- Chromatids separate and move to opposite ends of cells
14
Q
Telophase-
A
- Chromosomes separate and locate at each end of cell
- Chromatids turn back into chromatin
- Nuclear envelopes reform around each group of chromatin
