mutations

Question 1

how many types of mutations are there

Answer 1

4

Question 2

no mutation

Answer 2

the normal condition

Question 3

missense

Answer 3

occurs when a change of a single base pair or group of base pairs results in the code for a different amino acid

Question 4

nonsense

Answer 4

occurs when the change of a single base pair or group of base pairs results in a premature stop code in the gene.

Question 5

silent

Answer 5

occurs when the change in one or more base pairs does not affect the functioning of the gene

Question 6

frameshift

Answer 6

occurs when one or more nucleotides are inserted or deleted from a DNA sequence, causing the reading frame of codons to shift in one direction or the other.

Question 7

spontaneous

Answer 7

Mutation is caused by an error during DNA replication

Question 8

induced

Answer 8

Mutation is caused by the effect of an environmental agent

Question 9

chemical

Answer 9

A particular chemical agent enter the nucleus and chemically alters the structure of DNA

Question 10

electromagnetic radiation

Answer 10

• Lower energy radiation (e.g., UVB) can cause bonds to form between adjacent nucleotides creating a kink in the DNA backbone, which complicates replication and transcription
• Higher energy radiation (e.g., X-rays) can strip molecules of electrons and break bonds within the DNA molecule, which may result in a deletion or rearrangement of large portions of chromosomes