carbohydrates Flashcards
carbohydrates
a type of macromolecule used by cells as sources of SHORT TERM ENERGY, building materials and cell communications
monosaccharides
(2)
- single sugars that contain 3, 5, and 6 carbons
- occur in linear form but when in water with 5 or more carbons fall back on themselves to form a ring
disaccharides
(2)
-occur when 2 monosaccharide molecules are joined together by a dehydration reaction
- many have polar functional groups; therefore hydrophilic
polysaccharides
(2)
- long chains and are polymers of monosaccharides
- main function is for energy storage and structure support
- polar and very hydrophilic
what linkage bonds carbs?
glycosidic bond
alpha
-OH is on the bottom
beta
-OH is on the top
what types of reactions are involved in the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates
dehydration
why are paper towels absorbent but dont break apart?
due to the thicker fibres it allows paper towels to attract water and not dissolve in it
examples of monosaccharides
(2)
glucose, fructose
examples of disaccharides
(3)
maltose, sucrose and lactose
examples of polysaccharides
(4)
glycogen, starch, amylose, cellulose