carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

carbohydrates

A

a type of macromolecule used by cells as sources of SHORT TERM ENERGY, building materials and cell communications

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2
Q

monosaccharides

(2)

A
  • single sugars that contain 3, 5, and 6 carbons
  • occur in linear form but when in water with 5 or more carbons fall back on themselves to form a ring
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3
Q

disaccharides

(2)

A

-occur when 2 monosaccharide molecules are joined together by a dehydration reaction
- many have polar functional groups; therefore hydrophilic

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4
Q

polysaccharides

(2)

A
  • long chains and are polymers of monosaccharides
  • main function is for energy storage and structure support
  • polar and very hydrophilic
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5
Q

what linkage bonds carbs?

A

glycosidic bond

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6
Q

alpha

A

-OH is on the bottom

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7
Q

beta

A

-OH is on the top

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8
Q

what types of reactions are involved in the synthesis and breakdown of carbohydrates

A

dehydration

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9
Q

why are paper towels absorbent but dont break apart?

A

due to the thicker fibres it allows paper towels to attract water and not dissolve in it

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10
Q

examples of monosaccharides

(2)

A

glucose, fructose

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11
Q

examples of disaccharides

(3)

A

maltose, sucrose and lactose

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12
Q

examples of polysaccharides

(4)

A

glycogen, starch, amylose, cellulose

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