calvin cycle Flashcards
how many G3P molecules are required to make 1 glucose molecule
2
why is G3P a key intermediate in photosynthesis
it helps in the production of glucose and the regeneration of RuBP
how many CO2 molecules are required to make 1 glucose molecule? how many turns of the calvin cycle is needed for this
6 CO2 for 1 glucose and 2 cycles
photorespiration
an unfavourable process which decreases the production of sugars by photosynthesis
how are CAM plants unique
(2)
- they are water storing plants
- stomata is open at night and closed during the day (temporal separation)
how is the calvin cycle affected for C3 plants during sunny days
(3)
- the efficiency of carbon fixation can be reduced due to photorespiration
- increased rate of photorespiration
- the Calvin cycle is more active as it captures CO2 to produce sugars
how is the calvin cycle affected for C3 plants during dry days
(2)
- stomata closes to conserve water
- CO2 intake reduces
how is the calvin cycle affected for C3 plants during low light conditions
(3)
- reduced production of ATP and NADH
- decrease in photosynthesis due to limited light access
- insufficient energy to power the enzyme-driven processes, such as the fixation of CO2 by RuBisCO
how have C4 plants adapt to survive sun, hot and dry days
- they undergo C4 photosynthesis
- spatial separation
-PEP carboxylase
releases CO2 and helps produce glucose
how have C4 plants adapted to survive dry days
(2)
- conserve water
- CO2 is initially fixed into a 4-carbon compound in mesophyll cells and then shuttled to bundle-sheath cells for final sugar production
compare and contrast photosynthesis and cellular respiration
do in table
spatial separation
when malate diffuses from the mesophyll cells into the bundle- sheath cells, enters the chloroplasts and is oxidized to pyruvate; this process releases CO2
