Musician Advanced Section 1, Chapter 1

Question 1

What are tensions?

Answer 1

Non-harmonic tones that include the 7th, 9th, 11th, and 13th above the root of a chord

Question 2

When is the 7th not considered a tensions?

Answer 2

When it is already identified as a chord tone

Question 3

What are the two different kinds of tensions

Answer 3

Melodic and harmonic

Question 4

What do melodic tensions consist of?

Answer 4

Any note longer than a beat in duration; notes of any duration followed by a leap and not part of a delayed resolution

Question 5

What are harmonic tensions?

Answer 5

Non-chord tones used in the vertical structure of the chord; duration of tension should mirror the melody and follow voicing rules

Question 6

When can the 6th and 7th be used as tensions?

Answer 6

When they are used in an independent melody line that moves against a sustained triad

Question 7

What notes can be available tensions?

Answer 7

Any note that is a whole step above a chord tone

Question 8

T9 tensions

Answer 8

All chords

Question 9

T11 tensions

Answer 9

All chords with a m3

Question 10

T#11 tensions

Answer 10

All chords with a M3

Question 11

T13 tensions

Answer 11

All chords with a P5
Major triad
minor triad
Maj7
min-Maj7
min7
dom7
dom7sus4

Question 12

T6 tensions

Answer 12

Triads only, as part of independent melodic tension

Question 13

TM7 tensions

Answer 13

Triads and 6th chords, when part of an independent melodic tensionT

Question 14

T7 tensions

Answer 14

Minor triad only, when part of an independent melodic tension

Question 15

What chord take Tb9, T#9, and Tb5?

Answer 15

Dom7

Question 16

Tb13 tensions

Answer 16

min7(b5), Dom7 only

Question 17

What are the available tensions of a dim7 chord?

Answer 17

Any note a whole step above any chord tone, depending on chord scale involved

Question 18

What are the main types of nonharmonic movement?

Answer 18

Passing tone
Neighbor tone
Appoggiatura
Escape tone
Neighbor group
Anticipation
Suspensions (suspension, bass, change of bass, embellished, chain)
Retardation
Pedal point (including inverted, internal, and double)

Question 19

Non-chord tones that approach and resolve by step

Answer 19

Passing tone, neighbor tone

Question 20

Non-chord tones that approach by step and resolve by leap

Answer 20

Escape tone

Question 21

Non-chord tone that approaches by leap and resolves by step

Answer 21

Appoggiatura

Question 22

Non-chord tones that approach by same tone

Answer 22

Suspension, retardation, pedal

Question 23

What are the three parts of a suspension?

Answer 23

Preparation, suspension, resolution

Question 24

What are incomplete neighbor tones?

Answer 24

Appoggiatura and escape tone

Question 25

What is another name for neighbor group?

Answer 25

Cambiata or changing tones

Question 26

What is the difference between suspensions and retardations?

Answer 26

Suspensions resolve down and retardations resolve up

Question 27

What intervals normally occur when multiple nonharmonic tones occur simultaneously?

Answer 27

Thirds, sixths, octaves

Question 28

Exceptions to whole step for tensions rule

Answer 28

T13 not available for m7 chords with a tonic or subdominant function
T9 not available on III7
T#11 not available on IMaj7 unless as an ending chord

Question 29

Cases where a half step can be used as an available tension

Answer 29

Tb9 on Dom7(b9) chord
Tb13 available on Dom7(b13) chord
Mode allows for the tension (aeolian, phrygian Tb9, Tb13)