musculoskeletal system Flashcards
1
Q
articular cartilage
A
thin layer of cartilage covering surfaces of bones at joints
2
Q
cancellous bone
A
spongy ends of long bones
3
Q
ossification
A
process of bone formation
4
Q
calcium
A
hard material found in bones and teeth
5
Q
compact bone
A
hard dense bone tissue forms outer layer
6
Q
osteoclast
A
bone cell absorbs and removes tissue
7
Q
osteoblast
A
bone cell forms tissue immature bone cell
8
Q
musculoskeletal system
A
bone joints ligaments tendons muscles; movement protection support storage body temp cell formation
9
Q
osseous tissue
A
bone tissue
10
Q
collagen
A
structural protein white fibrous strands
11
Q
osteocyte
A
bone cell
12
Q
diaphysis
A
shaft of long bone
13
Q
endosteum
A
inner lining of medullary cavity
14
Q
epiphyseal plate
A
growth plate
15
Q
epiphysis
A
each end of long bone
16
Q
medullary cavity
A
central hollowed out portion in shaft; yellow marrow
17
Q
metaphysis
A
flared portion of long bone between epiphyseal and diaphysis
18
Q
periosteum
A
membrane surrounding bone contains blood vessels and nerves
19
Q
red bone marrow
A
found in cancellous bone site of hematopolesis
20
Q
yellow bone marrow
A
found in diaphysis fatty tissue
21
Q
tonus
A
muscle tone balanced muscle tension
22
Q
tetany
A
continuous muscle spasm tetanus
23
Q
tenosynovitis
A
inflammation of the tendon
24
Q
myotonia
A
disorder a delayed relax after contration
25
myoclonus
repetitive contractions persist in sleeping dogs with distemper
26
myasthenia gravis
syndrome of muscular weakness aggravated with activity
27
myasthenia
muscle weakness
28
laxity
looseness
29
hypoplasia
incomplete development due to decrease cell numbers
30
hypertrophy
excessive development to increase cell size
31
hyperplasia
increased development due to increase in cell numbers
32
dystrophy
bad muscle
33
atrophy
no development to do decrease from normal cell size
34
ambulatory
able to walk
35
adhesion
connects 2 surfaces that are normally seperate
36
os cordis
bone found in heart of ruminants; cows
37
os rostri
bone found in nose of pig
38
os penis
bone found in penis of carnivores
39
zygomatic bones
bones forming hard of cheek and lower eye orbit
40
maxillary bones
2 idendical bones forms upper jaw
41
cardiac muscle
striated involuntarty
42
fascia
fibrous connective tissue envelopes separates and supports muscles
43
mandibular bones
horseshoe shaped bone forming lower jaw
44
horse vertebrae
C7 T18 L6 S5 C715-21
45
cat and dog vertebrae
C7 T13 L7 S3 CY3-24
46
appendicular skeleton
front and rear limbs, pelvis and scapula
47
axial skeleton
skull vertebrae ribs sternum
48
tuberosity
small roughened process on bone end
49
tubercle
rounded process on many bones for attachement of muscles and tendons
50
trochanter
lg blunt roughened process on femur for attachement of muscles and tendons
51
sinus
hollow space or cavity in bone
52
groove
narrow linear depression; sulcus
53
fossa
shallow cavity or depression in bone
54
foramen
hole in bone for nerves and vessels to go through
55
crest
high projection or border of bone; wing of illium
56
condyle
knuckle like projection at distal end of long bones
57
acetabulum
cup like depression in pelvis; creates hip joint
58
bone head
rounded process separated from shaft covered with articular cartilage
59
irregular bones
vertebrae
60
sesamoid bones
small embedded in tendons; patells
61
flat bones
flat and thin; 2 sheets of compact bone
62
short bones
cuboidal cube shapes; carpals tarsals
63
long bone
long and wide; femur
64
laminectomy
removal of part of vertebra arch
65
kyphosis
dorsal curvature hunchback
66
immobilization
act of preventing bones form being moved
67
herniation of IVD
abnormal protrusion of IVD into spinal nerves
68
fracture
sudden break of a bone
69
olecranon
bony process t proximal end of ulna; elbow
70
visceral muscles
smooth involuntary functions of organs
71
skeletal muscle
striated voluntary muscle
72
sequestrum
piece of dead bone tissue separated from healthy bone tissue
73
reduction
correction of a fracture
74
osteoporosis
decrease bone density
75
orthopedic
branch of surgery deals with skeletal system
76
lordosis
ventral curvature in spine, daschund
77
atlantoccipital joint
between atlas and occipitial bone; yes joint
78
callus
bone deposit formed at ends of bone fracture
79
calcification
deposits of calcium salts in tissue
80
amputaion
removal of a limb
81
achondroplasia
limbs fail to grow normal; dwarfism; basset hounds
82
atlantoaxial joint
between atlas and axis; no joint
83
dislocation
displacement of bone from it joint
84
decalcification
loss of calcium in bones and teeth
85
crepitaion
cracking sound
86
chemonucleolysis
procedure to dissolve portion of center of IVD
87
carpus
carpal bones
88
coxofemoral joint
pelvis and femur meet; hip
89
femoraltibial joint
femur and tibia meet; stifle called meniscus
90
humeroradioulnar joint
humerus and ulna meet; elbow
91
ball and socket
head fits in a socket; spheroid joint
92
synarthroses joint
immovable joints
93
amphiarthroses joints
partially movable joint
94
diarthroses
freely movable joints
95
gliding joint
flat gliding motion; carpus; arthroidal joints
96
hinge joints
movement in one plane(direction) door hinge; elbow stifle
97
sacroiliac joint
between sacrum and ilium
98
scapulohumeral joint
scapula and humerus meet; shoulder
99
tarsus
tarsal bones; hock
100
pivot
pully shaped; trochoid joint
101
saddle
only in humans, concave shape; in thumb
102
articulation
2 or more bones come together
103
bursa
sac of fluid near joints and acts as a lube; plural is bursae
104
meniscus
curved fibrous cartilage cushining knee
105
ligament
connective tissue binds bone to bone
106
synovial cavity
space between bones at a synovial joint contains fluid
107
synovial fluid
viscous/sticky fluid within cavity lubes
108
synovial joint
free moving joint
109
synovial membrane
membrane lining cavity produces fluid
110
tendon
connective tissue binds muscle to bone
