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medical terminology > Cardiovascular ch6 > Flashcards

Cardiovascular ch6 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

function

A

delivers oxygen nutrients and hormones through out body in blood

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2
Q

circulatory system

A

circulates blood through heart as a pump and vessels carrying

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3
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

heart to lungs and back to heart

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4
Q

systemic circulation

A

heart to rest of body’s systems and back

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5
Q

mediastinum

A

space between lungs holds the heart

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6
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of heart

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7
Q

myocardium

A

muscle layer of heart

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8
Q

pericardium

A

membrane surrounding heart; made up of visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium/ also epicardium

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9
Q

flow of blood through heart/ 14 steps

A

vena cavae; right atrium; tricuspid; right ventricle; pulmonary valve; pulmonary arteries; lungs; pulmonary veins; left atrium; bicuspid; left ventricle; aorta valve; aorta; body

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10
Q

ECG waves

A

P, QRS, T

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11
Q

P wave

A

atrial depolarization, contracting

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12
Q

QRS wave

A

ventricular, atrial depolarization

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13
Q

T wave

A

atrial repolarization, relaxing

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14
Q

rythm

A

recurrence of action at regular intervals

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15
Q

murmur

A

swish sound, extra sound

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16
Q

lub

A

first sound, closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves

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17
Q

dub

A

second sound closure of aortic and pulmonary valves

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18
Q

sphygmomanometer

A

instrument to measure pulse and pressure

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19
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in body

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20
Q

aortic valve

A

valve between the left ventricle and aorta

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21
Q

apex

A

pointed end of the heart

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22
Q

artery

A

largest vessel in body; carries blood away from heart; arterioles

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23
Q

atrioventricular node

A

AV node; specialized tissue in the interatrial septum carries impulses from SA to AV

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24
Q

heart beat electricity path

A

SA node to AV node to bundle of his to purkinje fibers

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25
Q

atrioventricular valves

A

valves between the atria and ventricles; AV valves

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26
Q

atrium

A

plural atria; two upper heart chambers

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27
Q

base

A

cranial portion of the heart

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28
Q

bicuspid valve

A

valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; mitral valve or left AV valve

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29
Q

mitral valve

A

bicuspid valve

30
Q

capillaries

A

smallest blood vessels

31
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of heartbeat

32
Q

oxygenated blood

A

oxygen rich blood

33
Q

pulmonary artery

A

artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

34
Q

pulmonary valve

A

valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

35
Q

pulmonary veins

A

veins that carry oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

36
Q

septum

A

partition; interatrial, interventrical

37
Q

sinoatrial node

A

SA node, pacemaker of the heart

38
Q

sinus rhythm

A

normal heart rhythm

39
Q

systole

A

contraction phase of heart

40
Q

valves

A

structures in veins and in heart that temporarily close an opening so blood can flow in one direction

41
Q

vein

A

thin walled vessel that carries blood towards the heart; venules

42
Q

vena cava(e)

A

larges vein in body

43
Q

ventricles

A

two lower chambers of the heart

44
Q

aneurysm

A

sac (dilation) formed by weakening of blood vessel

45
Q

arrhythmia/ dysrhythmia

A

abnormal heart rhthym

46
Q

auscultation

A

listening with stethoscope to sounds with in the body

47
Q

cardiac tamonade

A

compression of the heart do to fluid or blood in pericardial sac

48
Q

congenital heart disease

A

CHD, abnormalities of heart at birth

49
Q

congestive heart failure

A

CHF, heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

50
Q

capillary refill time

A

CRT, time taken for the mucous membranes to return to a normal pink color after applying finger pressure

51
Q

defibrillation

A

use of electrical to restore normal heart rhythm

52
Q

hypertension

A

increased blood pressure

53
Q

hypotension

A

decreased blood pressure

54
Q

infarction

A

decreased oxygen to tissues

55
Q

ischemia

A

area of dead tissue

56
Q

mitral valve prolapse

A

MVP, displaced of the bicuspid valve leading to incomplete closure of the valve during ventricular contraction

57
Q

echocardiogram

A

ECHO, high frequency sound waves and echoes that produce image of the heart

58
Q

emolism

A

blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material

59
Q

flutter

A

rapid but regular contractions of the atria and ventricles

60
Q

occlusion

A

blockage obstruction or closure of body passage

61
Q

patent ductus arteriosus

A

PDA, condition in which the small duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery which normally closes after birth, remains open

62
Q

perfusion

A

passage of fluid through the blood through the blood vessels of a specific organ, blood flow through the tissue

63
Q

pericardial effusion

A

escape of fluid into the pericardial sac leading to cardiac tamonade

64
Q

effusion

A

escape of fluid

65
Q

shock

A

inadequate tissue perfusion

66
Q

stent

A

small expander inserted into tubular structures such as vessels to provide support

67
Q

stethoscope

A

instruument used to listen to sound within the body

68
Q

thrill

A

vibration felt on palpation of the chest

69
Q

thrombus

A

stationary clot attached to the wall of vessel

70
Q

vasoconstriction

A

narrowing of a vessel

71
Q

vasodialation

A

expansion of a vessel

medical terminology (20 decks)

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