Cardiovascular ch6 Flashcards by Dani S

function

delivers oxygen nutrients and hormones through out body in blood

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circulatory system

circulates blood through heart as a pump and vessels carrying

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pulmonary circulation

heart to lungs and back to heart

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systemic circulation

heart to rest of body’s systems and back

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mediastinum

space between lungs holds the heart

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endocardium

inner lining of heart

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myocardium

muscle layer of heart

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pericardium

membrane surrounding heart; made up of visceral pericardium and parietal pericardium/ also epicardium

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flow of blood through heart/ 14 steps

vena cavae; right atrium; tricuspid; right ventricle; pulmonary valve; pulmonary arteries; lungs; pulmonary veins; left atrium; bicuspid; left ventricle; aorta valve; aorta; body

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ECG waves

P, QRS, T

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P wave

atrial depolarization, contracting

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QRS wave

ventricular, atrial depolarization

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T wave

atrial repolarization, relaxing

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rythm

recurrence of action at regular intervals

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murmur

swish sound, extra sound

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lub

first sound, closure of tricuspid and bicuspid valves

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dub

second sound closure of aortic and pulmonary valves

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sphygmomanometer

instrument to measure pulse and pressure

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aorta

largest artery in body

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aortic valve

valve between the left ventricle and aorta

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apex

pointed end of the heart

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artery

largest vessel in body; carries blood away from heart; arterioles

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atrioventricular node

AV node; specialized tissue in the interatrial septum carries impulses from SA to AV

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heart beat electricity path

SA node to AV node to bundle of his to purkinje fibers

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atrioventricular valves

valves between the atria and ventricles; AV valves

atrium

plural atria; two upper heart chambers

base

cranial portion of the heart

bicuspid valve

valve between the left atrium and left ventricle; mitral valve or left AV valve

mitral valve

bicuspid valve

capillaries

smallest blood vessels

diastole

relaxation phase of heartbeat

oxygenated blood

oxygen rich blood

pulmonary artery

artery that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs

pulmonary valve

valve between right ventricle and pulmonary artery

pulmonary veins

veins that carry oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

septum

partition; interatrial, interventrical

sinoatrial node

SA node, pacemaker of the heart

sinus rhythm

normal heart rhythm

systole

contraction phase of heart

valves

structures in veins and in heart that temporarily close an opening so blood can flow in one direction

vein

thin walled vessel that carries blood towards the heart; venules

vena cava(e)

larges vein in body

ventricles

two lower chambers of the heart

aneurysm

sac (dilation) formed by weakening of blood vessel

arrhythmia/ dysrhythmia

abnormal heart rhthym

auscultation

listening with stethoscope to sounds with in the body

cardiac tamonade

compression of the heart do to fluid or blood in pericardial sac

congenital heart disease

CHD, abnormalities of heart at birth

congestive heart failure

CHF, heart is unable to pump its required amount of blood

capillary refill time

CRT, time taken for the mucous membranes to return to a normal pink color after applying finger pressure

defibrillation

use of electrical to restore normal heart rhythm

hypertension

increased blood pressure

hypotension

decreased blood pressure

infarction

decreased oxygen to tissues

ischemia

area of dead tissue

mitral valve prolapse

MVP, displaced of the bicuspid valve leading to incomplete closure of the valve during ventricular contraction

echocardiogram

ECHO, high frequency sound waves and echoes that produce image of the heart

emolism

blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material

flutter

rapid but regular contractions of the atria and ventricles

occlusion

blockage obstruction or closure of body passage

patent ductus arteriosus

PDA, condition in which the small duct between the aorta and pulmonary artery which normally closes after birth, remains open

perfusion

passage of fluid through the blood through the blood vessels of a specific organ, blood flow through the tissue

pericardial effusion

escape of fluid into the pericardial sac leading to cardiac tamonade

effusion

escape of fluid

shock

inadequate tissue perfusion

stent

small expander inserted into tubular structures such as vessels to provide support

stethoscope

instruument used to listen to sound within the body

thrill

vibration felt on palpation of the chest

thrombus

stationary clot attached to the wall of vessel

vasoconstriction

narrowing of a vessel

vasodialation

expansion of a vessel