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Medical Terminology > Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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2
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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3
Q

cost/o

A

rib

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4
Q

crani/o

A

skull

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5
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

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6
Q

leiomy/o

A

smooth (visceral involuntary) muscle

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7
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

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8
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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9
Q

myos/o

A

muscle

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10
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow

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11
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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12
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis, hip area

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13
Q

rhabdomy/o

A

skeletal (striated, voluntary) muscle

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14
Q

spin/o

A

backbones

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15
Q

spondyl/o

A

vertebra

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16
Q

vertebr/o

A

vertebra

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17
Q

ten/o

A

tendon

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18
Q

tendin/o

A

tendon

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19
Q

Ankylosing spondylitis

A

chronic, progressive arthritis with stiffening (ankylosis) of joints, primarily of the spine and hip

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20
Q

Carpal tunnel syndrome

A

compression of the median nerve as it passes between the ligament and the bones and tendons of the wrist

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21
Q

Fracture

A

breaking of a bone

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22
Q

Gouty arthritis (Gout)

A

inflammation of joints caused by excessive uric acid

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23
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

an inherited disorder characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of muscle fibers

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24
Q

Oseoporosis

A

disease in bone density with thinning and weakening of bone

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25
Q

-porosis

A

condition of containing passages or spaces

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26
Q

Rhabdomyolysis

A

breakdown of damaged skeletal muscle

27
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic inflammation of joints; pain, swelling, and stiffening, especially in the small joints of the hands and feet

28
Q

rheumat/o

A

flowing (descriptive of the swelling in joints)

29
Q

Antinuclear antibody (ANA) test

A

a sample of plasma is tested for the presence of antibodies found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

30
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

puncture to remove fluid from a joint

31
Q

Arthrography

A

X-ray imaging of a joint

32
Q

Arhroscopy

A

visual examination of a joint with an arthroscope

33
Q

Bone density test

A

Low-energy X-rays are used to image bones in the spinal column, pelvis, and wrist to detect areas of bone deficiency. also called bone density scanning, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), or bone densitometry

34
Q

Bone scan

A

procedure in which a radioactive substance is injected intravenously and its uptake in bones is measured with a special scanning device

35
Q

Calcium level

A

measurement of the amount of calcium in a sample of blood (serum)

36
Q

Electromyography (EMG)

A

recording of the electrical activity of muscle tissue (reveals the strength of muscles)

37
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

A

measurement of the rate at which red blood cells fall to the bottom of a test tube. high rates are associated with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis

38
Q

Muscle biopsy

A

the removal of muscle tissue for microscopic examination

39
Q

Uric acid test

A

measurement of the amount of uric acid (nitrogenous waste) in a sample of blood. high uric acid levels are associated with gouty arthritis

40
Q

Arthroplasty

A

surgical repair of a joint. total hip arthroplasty is the replacement of the head of the femur (thigh bone) and acetabulum (cup-shaped portion of the hip socket) with artificial parts (prostheses) that are cemented into the bone

41
Q

Laminectomy

A

removal of a piece of backbone (lamina) to relieve pressure on nerves from a herniated disc

42
Q

Microscopic disectomy

A

surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disc with an incision that is 1 to 2 inches long and visualization of the surgical field with an operating microscope

43
Q

Vertebroplasty

A

surgical repair of vertebrae. special cement is injected into backbones to strengthen them and to relieve pain caused by compression fractures

44
Q

ACL

A

anterior cruciate ligament (of the knee)

45
Q

ANA

A

antinuclear antibody

46
Q

C1-C7

A

cervical vertibrae

47
Q

Ca

A

calcium

48
Q

DEXA

A

dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry

49
Q

DJD

A

degenerative joint disease

50
Q

DOMS

A

delayed-onset muscle soreness

51
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

52
Q

ESR

A

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

53
Q

Fx

A

fracture

54
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

55
Q

L1-L5

A

lumbar vertebrae

56
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (prescribed to treat joint and muscle pain)

57
Q

Ortho

A

orthopedics/orthopaedics

58
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

59
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

60
Q

T1-T12

A

thoracic vertebrae

61
Q

THR

A

total hip replacement

62
Q

TKR

A

total knee replacement

63
Q

TMJ

A

temporomandibular joint

Medical Terminology (20 decks)

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