Endocrone System

Question 1

adren/o

Answer 1

adrenal gland

Question 2

adrenal/o

Answer 2

adrenal gland

Question 3

hypophys/o

Answer 3

pituitary gland

Question 4

oophor/o

Answer 4

ovary

Question 5

ovari/o

Answer 5

ovary

Question 6

orch/o

Answer 6

testis

Question 7

orchi/o

Answer 7

testis, testicle

Question 8

orchid/o

Answer 8

testis, testicle

Question 9

pancreat/o

Answer 9

pancreas

Question 10

parathyroid/o

Answer 10

parathyroid gland

Question 11

pituitar/o

Answer 11

pituitary gland

Question 12

thyroaden/o

Answer 12

thyroid gland

Question 13

thyroid/o

Answer 13

thyroid gland

Question 14

Acromegaly

Answer 14

enlargement of extremities caused by hypersecretion from the anterior portion of the pituitary gland after puberty

Question 15

Cushing syndrome

Answer 15

group of clinical features produced by excess secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex

Question 16

Diabetes mellitus

Answer 16

disorder of the pancreas that causes an increase in blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia)

Question 17

Type 1 diabetes

Answer 17

with onset usually in childhood, involves complete deficiency of insulin in the body

Question 18

Type 2 diabetes

Answer 18

with onset usually in adulthood, involves some insulin deficiency and resistance of tissues to the action of insulin

Question 19

Goiter

Answer 19

enlargement of the thyroid gland

Question 20

Hyperthyroidism

Answer 20

overactivity of the thyroid gland, also called Graves disease or exophthalmic (eyeballs bulge outward) goiter

Question 21

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer 21

cross-sectional x-ray images of the pituitary gland and other endocrine organs

Question 22

Exophthalometry

Answer 22

measurement of eyeball protrusion (exophthalmos) as an indicator of Graves disease

Question 23

Fasting blood sugar (glucose) test

Answer 23

measurement of glucose levels in a blood sample taken from a fasting patient and in specimens taken 30 min, 1 hr, 2 hrs, and 3 hrs after the ingestion of 75 g of glucose. Delayed return of blood glucose levels indicates diabetes mellitus

Question 24

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 24

magnetic waves produce images of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and other endocrine organs in all three planes of the body

Question 25

Radioactive iodine uptake

Answer 25

measurement of how much of a radioactive element (iodine) is absorbed by the thyroid gland. the radioactive iodine is given by mouth and measured as evidence of thyroid function

Question 26

Serum and urine tests

Answer 26

measurement of hormones, electrolytes (such as sodium and potassium), and glucose levels in blood (serum) and urine as indicators of endocrine function

Question 27

Thyroid function tests

Answer 27

measurement of levels of T4 (thyroxine), T3 (triiodothyronine), and TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) in the bloodstream

Question 28

Thyroid scan

Answer 28

procedure in which a radioactive compound, injected intravenously, localizes in the thyroid gland. a scanning device produces an image showing the presence of tumors or nodules in the gland

Question 29

ACTH

Answer 29

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (from the pituitary gland)

Question 30

DM

Answer 30

diabetes mellitus

Question 31

GH

Answer 31

growth hormone (secreted by the pituitary gland)

Question 32

GTT

Answer 32

glucose tolerance test (measures the ability to respond to a glucose load; test for diabetes mellitus)

Question 33

HgA1c

Answer 33

hemoglobin A1c measures the average amount of glucose in red blood cells. useful to follow control of glucose in diabetic patients

Question 34

K+

Answer 34

potassium (an electrolye)

Question 35

Na+

Answer 35

sodium (an electrolyte)

Question 36

RAIU

Answer 36

radioactive iodine uptake (test for thyroid function)

Question 37

T3

Answer 37

triiodothyronine (hormone from the thyroid gland)

Question 38

T4

Answer 38

thyroxine (hormone from the thyroid gland)

Question 39

TSH

Answer 39

thyroid-stimulating hormone (from the pituitary gland)