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BIOM1070 > Musculoskeletal system 1 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal system 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are three components of the skeletal system

A

bones, cartilage, and ligaments

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2
Q

how many bones does human have

A

206

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3
Q

cartilage

A

軟骨

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4
Q

軟骨

A

cartilage

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5
Q

ligament

A

韌帶

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6
Q

韌帶

A

ligament

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7
Q

what are the four function of the skeletal system

A

support & protection, movement, storage, produces blood cells

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8
Q

five type of bones

A

long bone, short bone, flat bone, irregular bone and sesamoid bone

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9
Q

all sesamoid bones

A

Patella, Pisiform, and some in the foot

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10
Q

compact bone

A

緻密骨

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11
Q

dense outer layer

A

compact bone

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12
Q

Spongy bone

A

海綿骨

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13
Q

a layer of bone that made of small trabeculae

A

spongy bone

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14
Q

the connective tissue membrane covers inside the compact bone

A

endosteum

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15
Q

the connective tissue membrane covers outside the compact bone

A

periosteum

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16
Q

endosteum

A

骨內膜

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17
Q

periosteum

A

骨外膜

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18
Q

diaphysis

A

長骨

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19
Q

the structure of long bone shaping tubular shaft, forms a long axis

A

disphysis

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20
Q

epiphyses

A

骨骺: the end of long bone

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21
Q

the end of long bone

A

epiphyses

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22
Q

crest

A

narrow ridge on bone

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23
Q

narrow ridge on bone

A

crest

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24
Q

tuberosity

A

large round projection on bone

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25
Q

large round projection on bone

A

tuberosity

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26
Q

epicondyle

A

raised area on bone

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27
Q

tubercle

A

small round projection

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28
Q

small round projection on bone

A

tubercle

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29
Q

trochanter

A

blunt鈍的, large, irregular process凸起

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30
Q

blunt, large irregular process on bone

A

trochanter

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31
Q

line

A

narrow ridge脊

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32
Q

narrow ridge on bone

A

line

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33
Q

fossa

A

shallow depression淺窪地

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34
Q

shallow depression on bone

A

fassa

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35
Q

foramen

A

opening for blood vessels or nerves

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36
Q

opening for blood vessels or nerves on bone

A

foramen

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37
Q

how many cranial bones house the brain

A

8

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38
Q

how many bones form the facial skeleton

A

14

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39
Q

hyoid bone

A

舌骨

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40
Q

where does hyoid hone locate

A

level of the 3rd cervical vertebra

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41
Q

which two muscle attach hyoid bone

A

tongue above and larynx喉 bellow

42
Q

vertebral column

A

脊柱

43
Q

脊柱

A

vertebral column

44
Q

five major vertebral column

A

cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar (5), sacrum (5 fused into 1), coccyx (4)

45
Q

four function of vertebral column

A

provide surface area for muscle attachment
support and protect the spinal cord
positions the head
supports the upright position in sitting/standing

46
Q

curvature

A

曲度

47
Q

which two sections of vertebral column are primary curvature

A

thoracic and sacral

48
Q

which two sections of vertebral column are secondary curature

A

cervical and lumbar

49
Q

the shape of body for cervical vertebrae

A

oral橢圓

50
Q

vertebrae

A

椎骨

51
Q

椎骨

A

vertebrae

52
Q

vertebral foramen

A

椎孔

53
Q

椎孔

A

vertebral foramen

54
Q

cervical vertebrae has small vertebral foramen. T/F

A

F

55
Q

what is the shape of spinous process for cervical vertebrae

A

bifid short (except C7)

56
Q

bifid

A

a structure or body part that is divided or split into two branches or lobes

57
Q

the name of C1

A

atlas

58
Q

The name of C2

A

Axis

59
Q

what is the shape of thoracic vertebrae

A

heart

60
Q

the thoracic vertebral foramen is smaller circular. T/F

A

T

61
Q

the thoracic vertebrae process is small. T/F

A

F

62
Q

the thoracic vertebrae facets for articulation with ribs. T/F

A

T

63
Q

the spinous process for thoracic vertebrae projects inferiorly(向下). T/F

A

Ｔ

64
Q

what is the shape of transverse foramen for lumbar vertebrae

A

triangular

65
Q

what is the shape of spinous process for lumbar vertebrae

A

short and flat

66
Q

the transverse process for lumbar vertebrae is large. T/F

A

F

67
Q

when does coccyx fuse

A

late in adult life

68
Q

how many bones fused coccyx vertebrae

A

3-5

69
Q

how many bones are fused sacrum vertebrae

A

5

70
Q

sacrum articulates with the pelvic girdle via the sacroiliac joint. T/F

A

T

71
Q

Intervertebral discs

A

椎間盤

72
Q

pad墊 between vertebrae that act as shock absorbers

A

intervertebral discs

73
Q

Nucleus pulposus

A

髓核

74
Q

the inner core or centre of an intervertebral disc

A

nucleus pulposus

75
Q

Annulus Fibrosus

A

纖維環

76
Q

the outer ring-like structure surrounding the nucleus pulposus in an intervertebral disc

A

annulus fibrosus

77
Q

Four structure composed of thoracic cage

A

thoracic vertebrae(posteriorly後), sternum and costal cartilages(anteriorly前), ribs(laterally側面)

78
Q

how many pairs of rib do human have

A

12

79
Q

the function of pectoral girdle

A

connection to axial skeleton, provides extra mobility

80
Q

the function of glenohumeral joint

A

mobility

81
Q

a ball and socket joint

A

Glenohumeral joint

82
Q

upper arm bone

A

Humerus

83
Q

Humerus

A

upper arm bone

84
Q

two bone name in the antebrachial

A

radius(near pollex) & ulna

85
Q

how many bone in carpals

A

8

86
Q

how many bone in metacarpals(palmar)

A

5

87
Q

how many bones in phalanges (fingers)

A

14

88
Q

Femur

A

thigh bone

89
Q

thigh bone

A

femur

90
Q

two bone in the lower leg

A

tibia(larger) and fibula(smaller)

91
Q

three bone form coxal bone

A

ilium, pubis and ischium

92
Q

two parts form pelvic girdle

A

coxal bone and sacrum

93
Q

the shape of female pelvis

A

wider and oval shaped

94
Q

the shape of male pelvis

A

narrow and heart shaped

95
Q

female pelvis widens would not change. T/F

A

F. female pelvis widen (childbearing) and then narrow with age

96
Q

how many bones in the tarsal

A

7

97
Q

how many bones in the metatarsals

A

5

98
Q

how many bones in the phalanges(toes)

A

14

99
Q

who responses to bone formation

A

Osteoblasts

100
Q

who responses to bone resorption

A

Osteoclasts

101
Q

who responses to monitor and maintain bone (stress and strain sensors)

A

Osteocyte

BIOM1070 (12 decks)

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