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Human Anatomy > Musculoskeletal II (MSK II) > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal II (MSK II) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Upper Extremity?

A

is everything from the clavicle down to the fingers.

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2
Q

List all of the joints included in upper extremity

A
  • Shoulder girdle
  • GH
  • Elbow
  • Forearm
  • Wrist
  • hand
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3
Q

What is the apart of the Joint-Shoulder girdle?

A
  • Clavicle
  • Sternum
  • Scapula (false?)
  • 3 true joints one false
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4
Q

What is the difference b/t true & false joints

A

true joints - bone on bone contact

false joints - see motion but not bone on bone contact

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5
Q

What is the Bones SG-Clavicle?

A
  • Aka the collar bone
  • S shaped
  • Holds upper limb in position
  • Circular at sterno-clavicular joint (SC)
  • Broad at acromi-clavicular joint (AC)
  • Latin ”little key” (key to holding whole arm up)
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6
Q

What is the Bones SG-Sternum?

A
  • Aka the breast bone
  • The sternum in the sc joint
  • Most of the motion happens here
    (b/c)* Lots of ligaments found here
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7
Q

What is the Bones SG-Scapula?

A
  • AKA the shoulder blade (think: “crow wing”)
  • Very thin
  • Does not actually attach to chest wall, floats over it
  • Acromion process attaches to the clavicle to become the acromioclavicular joint
  • Area for shoulder separation
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8
Q

What is the Joint-GH?

A
  • Scapula
  • Humerus
  • G stands for glenoid fossa of the scapula H stands for the humerus
  • Ball and socket joint

(glenohumeral joint)

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9
Q

What is the Bones GH-Scapula?

A
  • Glenoid fossa of the scapula
  • Glenoid labrum found here.
    (helps it to be a)* Ball and socket joint
  • Lots of movement
  • Area where you can
    find rotator cuff muscles
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10
Q

What is the Bones GH-Humerus?

A
  • Long bone
  • Head (ball) sits into the glenoid fossa (socket)
  • Long head of biceps brachii found in the intertubercular groove or “bicipital groove” (b/t the GT & LT)
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11
Q

What is the Joint-Elbow?

A
  • Humerus
  • Ulna
  • Radius (small)
    (1st 2 really involved in action)
  • Hinge joint
  • Main joint forming the elbow is the humerus and elbow
  • Only flexion and extension happens here
  • The radius is just along for the ride
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12
Q

What is the Bones elbow-Humerus/Ulna?

A
  • During flexion and extension the trochlear notch (of Ulna) moves around the trochlea (of Humerus).
  • In extension, the olecranon process (of Ulna) fits into the olecranon fossa (of Humerus)
  • Olecranon foramen? (allows hyperextension)

(ulna creates the elbow of your elbow)

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13
Q

What is the Joint-Forearm?

A
  • Radius
  • Ulna
  • Humerus (small)
  • Supination and pronation happen here
  • Mainly at the proximal and distal radio-ulnar joints
  • The humerus capitulum is present to keep the radius in place while pivoting
  • During these actions the ulna stays put and the radius is the only bone that moves
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14
Q

What are the Bones Forearm-Radius/Ulna?

A
  • Capitulum-radial head (pivot)
  • Proximal and distal radioulnar, radius-ulna

All these joints allow pronation and supination

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15
Q

Which moves? The radius or the ulna?

A

the radius (criss-crosses)
- ulna stays put

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16
Q

What are the Actions-Shoulder?

A
  1. Elevation of right scapula
  2. Depression of scapula
  3. Adduction of scapula (retraction)
  4. Abduction of scapula (protraction)
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17
Q

Circumdunction has…

A

all actions but rotation

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18
Q

What are the Actions-GH?

A
  • Flexion
  • Extension
  • Hyperextension
  • Lateral rotation
  • Medial rotation
  • Abduction
    -Adduction
  • Circumduction
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19
Q

What are the Actions-Elbow?

A
  • Flexion
    -Extension
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20
Q

What are the Actions-Forearm?

A
  • Supination (palm anterior)
  • Pronation (palm posterior)
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21
Q

What is apart of the Anterior Shoulder?

A
  • Serratus Anterior (like a serrated knife - for protection)
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Pectoralis Minor (more scapula - concaves chest)
  • Anterior Deltoid (shaped like delta)
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22
Q

What is apart of the Posterior Shoulder?

A
  • Trapezius- 3 Fiber directions (4 sided)
  • Rhomboid Major and Minor
  • Levator Scapulae (lifts scapula - elevation)
  • Supraspinatus
  • Infraspinatus
  • sup & inf to diff parts of the kidney
  • Teres Major and Minor
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23
Q

What is apart of the Rotator Cuff?

A

Rotator cuff muscles S.I.T.S
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres Minor
- Subscapularis

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24
Q

What is the Rotator Cuff?

A
  • Rotator cuff muscles are a group of 4 muscles
  • Creates strength and stability during GH motion
  • Tendons join over head of humerus
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25
Q

What is the Pec Major action?

A

GH Flexion, int rot

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26
Q

What is the Pec Minor action?

A

Shoulder protraction

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27
Q

What is the Serratus Ant action?

A

Shoulder protraction

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28
Q

What is the Deltoid action?

A

GH Abduction

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29
Q

What does the Anterior Shoulder include?

A

Pec Major

Pec Minor

Serratus Ant

Deltoid

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30
Q

What is the Trapezius action?

A

Shoulder retraction

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31
Q

What is the Rhomboids action?

A

Shoulder retraction

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32
Q

What is the Levator scapulae action?

A

Shoulder elevation

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33
Q

What is the Teres Major action?

A

GH Int rot

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34
Q

What does the Posterior Shoulder include?

A

Trapezius

Rhomboids

Levator scapulae

Teres Major

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35
Q

What is the Supraspinatus action?

A

GH Abduction

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36
Q

What is the Infraspinatus action?

A

GH Ext rot

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37
Q

What is the Teres Minor action?

A

GH Ext rot

38
Q

What is the Subscapularis action?

A

GH Int rot

39
Q

What does the Rotator Cuff include?

A

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

40
Q

What is apart of the Anterior Arm?

A
  • Biceps Brachii
  • Coracobrachialis
  • Brachialis
41
Q

What is apart of the Posterior Arm?

A
  • Triceps Brachii
  • Teres Major and Minor
  • Latissimus Dorsi
42
Q

What are the action of the Biceps Brachii?

A

GH flexion, elbow flexion, supination

43
Q

What are the action of the Coracobrachialis?

A

GH flexion

44
Q

What are the action of the Brachialis?

A

Elbow flexion

45
Q

What are the action of the Triceps Brachii?

A

GH extension, ELBOW EXTENSION

46
Q

What are the action of the Latissimus dorsi?

A

GH extension, int rot, Add

47
Q

What are the action of the Teres major?

A

GH extension, int rot, Add

48
Q

What are the action of the Teres minor?

A

GH ext rot, Add

49
Q

Describe the blood supply route

A

Subclavian (clavicle) –> Axillary (pec - ) –> Brachial (arm/humerus) –> Radial & Ulnar –> Sup & deep palmar arches

50
Q

Which would you use to test pulse in wrist?

A

radial

51
Q

What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus?

A

The brachial plexus is a group of nerves that serve the entire upper extremity
* Peripheral nerves
* Comes from spinal cord
* C5-T1

52
Q

What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus separation of parts?

A
  • Roots (from SC)*
  • Trunks (Large)
  • Divisions
  • Cords (Named around artery)*
  • Terminal nerves*
53
Q

What is the Nerves-Brachial Plexus from start to finish?

A
  • Roots
  • Trunks
  • Divisions
  • Cords
  • Terminal Branches
54
Q

What nerves are apart of the Brachial Plexus-Terminal Branches?

A
  • Musculocutaneous
  • Median
  • Ulnar
  • Radial
  • Axillary
55
Q

What is the area that the Musculocutaneous nerve serves?

A

Anterior arm

56
Q

What is the area that the Median nerve serves?

A

Anterior Forearm area

57
Q

What is the area that the Ulnar nerve serves?

A

Ulnar region

58
Q

What is the area that the Radial nerve serves?

A

Posterior arm & forearm area

59
Q

What is the area that the Axillary nerve serves?

A

Deltoid area

60
Q

What is an example muscle of the Musculocutaneous nerve?

A

Biceps brachii

61
Q

What is an example muscle of the Median nerve?

A

Flexor digitorum sup

62
Q

What is an example muscle of the Ulnar nerve?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

63
Q

What is an example muscle of the Radial nerve?

A

Triceps brachii, extensor digitorum

64
Q

What is an example muscle of the Axillar nerve?

A

deltoid

65
Q

What are the Bones Forearm-Humerus?

A
  • Medial epicondyle
  • Lateral epicondyle
66
Q

What is apart of the Joint-Wrist and Hands?

A
  • Wrist= carpals
  • Hand= metacarpals
  • Fingers= phalanges
67
Q

Wrist =

A

carpals

68
Q

Hand =

A

metacarpals

69
Q

Fingers =

A

phalanges

70
Q

What are the Bones Wrist-Radius/Carpals?

A
  • The carpal (wrist) bones, only attach to the radius, so when the radius supinates or pronates, so does the palm
71
Q

What are the Bones Wrist-Radius/Carpals START to FINISH?

A
  1. Scaphoid
  2. Lunate
  3. Triquetrum
  4. Pisiform
  5. Trapezium
  6. Trapezoid
  7. Capitate
  8. Hamate
72
Q

What are the Bones Hand- Metacarpals/Phalanges?

A
  • Metacarpals are numbered
  • Phalanges are numbered and designated proximal, intermediate, and distal
  • The thumb is different, only proximal and distal

(start counting with thumb)

73
Q

What are the Actions-Wrist and Fingers?

A
  • Flexion/Extension of wrist
  • Flexion/Extension of fingers
  • Radial/Ulnar Deviation of wrist
74
Q

What are the Actions-Forearm?

A
  • Supination (palm anterior)
  • Pronation (palm posterior)
75
Q

What are the Actions-Hand (Thumb and Pinky)?

A
  • Abduction/Flexion of thumb
  • Abduction/Flexion of pinky
  • Opposition (both)
76
Q

What is apart of the Anterior Forearm?

A
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris Longus
  • Flexor digitorum superficialis
  • Flexor digitorum profundus
  • Pronator teres
  • Pronator quadratus *
77
Q

What is apart of the Posterior Forearm?

A
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Supinator
78
Q

What is the action of the Anterior compartment muscle (wrist & fingers)?

A

flexion

79
Q

What is the action of the Posterior compartment muscle (wrist & fingers)?

A

extension

80
Q

What is the action of the Flexor carpi ulnaris & Extensor carpi ulnaris muscle (wrist & fingers)?

A

ulnar deviation

81
Q

What is the action of the Flexor carpi radialis & Extensor carpi ralialis muscle (wrist & fingers)?

A

Radial deviation

82
Q

What is the action of the Biceps brachii, supinator muscle (forearm)?

A

supination

83
Q

What is the action of the Pronator teres, pronator quadratus muscle (forearm)?

A

pronation

84
Q

What is the action of the Thenar eminence muscle (thumb & pinky)?

A

Abduction, flexion, opposition of thumb

85
Q

What is the action of the Hypothenar eminence muscle (thumb & pinky)?

A

Abduction, flexion and opposition of pinky

86
Q

What is the Carpal Tunnel muscle group created by?

A
  • Carpal bones (*attached to radius b/c move for suponation)
  • Flexor retinaculum
87
Q

What are the muscles that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?

A
  • Flex. Dig. Sup
  • Flex. Dig. Prof.
  • Flex. Pollicis longus
88
Q

What is a nerve that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?

A
  • Median
89
Q

What is an artery that pass through the Carpal Tunnel muscle group?

A
  • None!
90
Q

What is the blood supply pathway?

A

Subclavian (clavicle) –> Axillary (pec -) –> Brachial (arm/humerus) –> Radial or Ulnar –> Sup & deep palmar arched

91
Q

What is the artery that is for pulse within the blood supply?

A

radial

92
Q

What are the Nerves-Brachial Plexus separation of parts?

A
  • Roots (from SC)
  • Trunks (Large)
  • Divisions
  • Cords (Named
    around artery)
  • Terminal nerves

Human Anatomy (15 decks)

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