Musculoskeletal Disorders and Surgery

Question 1

bone matrix is formed & calcium salts are deposited to harden

Answer 1

Ossification

Question 2

What is needed to stimulate bone formation

Answer 2

Need Vit. D, parathyroid, calcitonin & WEIGHT BEARING

Question 3

Diagnosis test for severity of metabolic bone disease including Paget disease, osteomalacia, and other states of high bone turnover

Answer 3

Alkaline Phosphatase

Question 4

Diagnostic test used when evaluating for prostate cancer, Paget’s disease, hyperparathyroidism with skeletal involvement, and Gaucher’s disease

Answer 4

Acid Phosphatase

Question 5

Open fracture is a

Answer 5

compound fracture

Question 6

Closed fracture is a

Answer 6

Simple fracture

Question 7

Microscopic muscle pull is called a

Answer 7

Strain

Question 8

Injury to ligament caused by twisting

Answer 8

Sprain

Question 9

Injury to ligaments and supporting muscle fibers around the joint is known as which of the following?
Contusion
Strain
Dislocation
Sprain

Answer 9

Both a strain and a sprain

Question 10

ORIF

Answer 10

Open Reduction internal fixation

Question 11

Surgical approach where the bone is surgically reduced and immobilized with pins, wires, screws, plates that are inserted through the bone or to the side of bone

Answer 11

ORIF

Question 12

Does the nurse adjust the clamps
on the external fixator frame?

Answer 12

No, it is the physicians responsibility

Question 13

How to clean pin sites if there is an infection

Answer 13

clean with sterile normal saline on q-tips tid

Question 14

Care of a plaster cast:

Answer 14

ELEVATE ON PILLOW
KEEP AIR CIRCULATING- 24 - 72 HOURS TO DRY- MOVE WITH PALMS OF HANDS!

Question 15

Care of a fiberglass cast:

Answer 15

DRIES IN MINUTES, use a sling

Question 16

Neurovascular checks include:

Answer 16

temperature, pulse, cap refill, sensation

Question 17

A wick catheter is used to

Answer 17

monitor compartment (syndrome) pressure

Question 18

A hallmark sign of acute compartment syndrome is

Answer 18

pain that occurs or intensifies with passive ROM.

Question 19

PURPOSE OF TRACTION =

Answer 19

TO ALIGN & DECREASE MUSCLE SPASMS

Question 20

2 types of traction

Answer 20

Skin & Skeletal

Question 21

a temporary type of lightweight traction applied to the distal end of a fractured lower limb

Answer 21

Buck’s traction

Question 22

A form of traction used to align a fractured femur

Answer 22

Russell’s traction

Question 23

A form of skeletal traction attached to the bone using pins, wires, or tongs

Answer 23

Steinmann pin traction

Question 24

can hydrogen peroxide be used to clean pins?

Answer 24

no, only sterile saline or chlorhexidine

Question 25

A classic sign of compartment syndrome is

Answer 25

pain more intense than initial injury

Question 26

A surgical procedure to restore the function of a joint

Answer 26

Arthroplasty

Question 27

the method of physically reconnecting the bones. This might involve special screws, plates, rods, wires, or nails that the surgeon places inside the bones to fix them in the correct place.

Answer 27

Internal fixation

Question 28

orthopedic surgeons reposition the pieces of your fractured bone surgically so that your bones are back in their proper alignment.

Answer 28

an open reduction

Question 29

a doctor physically moves the bones back into place without surgically exposing the bone.

Answer 29

closed reduction

Question 30

hip fracture of the neck of femur

Answer 30

Intracapsular

Question 31

hip fracture from trochanteric to sub trochanteric area

Answer 31

Extracapsular

Question 32

One half of the hip joint is replaced(articular surface)

Answer 32

hemiarthroplasty

Question 33

occurs when blood supply to bone is decreased bone tissue dies, and needs to be reestablished ( usually replace!)

Answer 33

Avascular Necrosis

Question 34

type of hip surgery incision usually done for arthritis: not a good choice for trauma

Answer 34

anterior

Question 35

TKR

Answer 35

total knee replacement

Question 36

Partial Knee replacement

Answer 36

Makoplasty

Question 37

Amputation done to remove necrotic/gangrene stump left open to drain 2nd stage done when infection has cleared

Answer 37

Guillotine Amputation

Question 38

Type of amputation: End of stump closed, with skin & muscle flaps

Answer 38

Closed Amputation:

Question 39

POSITION TO PREVENT FLEXION CONTRACTURE OF THE HIP

Answer 39

NO PILLOW UNDER STUMP after 1st 24h- may be placed prone if tolerated

Question 40

Clean cotton sock covered by heavier sock over stump before

Answer 40

using prosthesis

Question 41

an infection in a bone

Answer 41

Osteomyelitis

Question 42

Infections can reach a bone by

Answer 42

traveling through the bloodstream, from an open wound involving the bone or spreading from nearby tissue.