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Med/Surg > Musculoskeletal Disorders and Surgery > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Disorders and Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

bone matrix is formed & calcium salts are deposited to harden

A

Ossification

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2
Q

What is needed to stimulate bone formation

A

Need Vit. D, parathyroid, calcitonin & WEIGHT BEARING

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3
Q

Diagnosis test for severity of metabolic bone disease including Paget disease, osteomalacia, and other states of high bone turnover

A

Alkaline Phosphatase

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4
Q

Diagnostic test used when evaluating for prostate cancer, Paget’s disease, hyperparathyroidism with skeletal involvement, and Gaucher’s disease

A

Acid Phosphatase

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5
Q

Open fracture is a

A

compound fracture

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6
Q

Closed fracture is a

A

Simple fracture

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7
Q

Microscopic muscle pull is called a

A

Strain

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8
Q

Injury to ligament caused by twisting

A

Sprain

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9
Q

Injury to ligaments and supporting muscle fibers around the joint is known as which of the following?
Contusion
Strain
Dislocation
Sprain

A

Both a strain and a sprain

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10
Q

ORIF

A

Open Reduction internal fixation

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11
Q

Surgical approach where the bone is surgically reduced and immobilized with pins, wires, screws, plates that are inserted through the bone or to the side of bone

A

ORIF

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12
Q

Does the nurse adjust the clamps
on the external fixator frame?

A

No, it is the physicians responsibility

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13
Q

How to clean pin sites if there is an infection

A

clean with sterile normal saline on q-tips tid

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14
Q

Care of a plaster cast:

A

ELEVATE ON PILLOW
KEEP AIR CIRCULATING- 24 - 72 HOURS TO DRY- MOVE WITH PALMS OF HANDS!

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15
Q

Care of a fiberglass cast:

A

DRIES IN MINUTES, use a sling

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16
Q

Neurovascular checks include:

A

temperature, pulse, cap refill, sensation

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17
Q

A wick catheter is used to

A

monitor compartment (syndrome) pressure

18
Q

A hallmark sign of acute compartment syndrome is

A

pain that occurs or intensifies with passive ROM.

19
Q

PURPOSE OF TRACTION =

A

TO ALIGN & DECREASE MUSCLE SPASMS

20
Q

2 types of traction

A

Skin & Skeletal

21
Q

a temporary type of lightweight traction applied to the distal end of a fractured lower limb

A

Buck’s traction

22
Q

A form of traction used to align a fractured femur

A

Russell’s traction

23
Q

A form of skeletal traction attached to the bone using pins, wires, or tongs

A

Steinmann pin traction

24
Q

can hydrogen peroxide be used to clean pins?

A

no, only sterile saline or chlorhexidine

25
Q

A classic sign of compartment syndrome is

A

pain more intense than initial injury

26
Q

A surgical procedure to restore the function of a joint

A

Arthroplasty

27
Q

the method of physically reconnecting the bones. This might involve special screws, plates, rods, wires, or nails that the surgeon places inside the bones to fix them in the correct place.

A

Internal fixation

28
Q

orthopedic surgeons reposition the pieces of your fractured bone surgically so that your bones are back in their proper alignment.

A

an open reduction

29
Q

a doctor physically moves the bones back into place without surgically exposing the bone.

A

closed reduction

30
Q

hip fracture of the neck of femur

A

Intracapsular

31
Q

hip fracture from trochanteric to sub trochanteric area

A

Extracapsular

32
Q

One half of the hip joint is replaced(articular surface)

A

hemiarthroplasty

33
Q

occurs when blood supply to bone is decreased
bone tissue dies, and needs to be reestablished ( usually replace!)

A

Avascular Necrosis

34
Q

type of hip surgery incision usually done for arthritis: not a good choice for trauma

A

anterior

35
Q

TKR

A

total knee replacement

36
Q

Partial Knee replacement

A

Makoplasty

37
Q

Amputation done to remove necrotic/gangrene
stump left open to drain
2nd stage done when infection has cleared

A

Guillotine Amputation

38
Q

Type of amputation:

End of stump closed, with skin & muscle flaps

A

Closed Amputation:

39
Q

POSITION TO PREVENT FLEXION CONTRACTURE OF THE HIP

A

NO PILLOW UNDER STUMP after 1st 24h- may be placed prone if tolerated

40
Q

Clean cotton sock covered by heavier sock over stump before

A

using prosthesis

41
Q

an infection in a bone

A

Osteomyelitis

42
Q

Infections can reach a bone by

A

traveling through the bloodstream, from an open wound involving the bone or spreading from nearby tissue.

Med/Surg (17 decks)

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