Autonomic Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
Sympathetic (SNS)
fight or flight stress
Adrenergic Nervous System.
Sympathetic (SNS) –fight or flight stress
Parasympathetic
Rest and digest (Juicy)
restores & maintain/rest.
Parasympathetic (PNS)
Cholinergic Nervous System
Parasympathetic (PNS) – restores & maintain/rest
Cardiovascular
B/P , HR , RESP
Bronchi dilation
Contractility
Pupil Dilation
Sweating
Piloerection (aka “goose bumps”)
Shunt blood away GI Tract and kidneys
Glyconeogenesis & Glycogenolysis.
Release Corticosteroids=Adrenal gland
Suppression of Immune & Inflammatory response
Sympathetic Response
This increases visual acuity
Pupil dilation
Reduces inflammatory response/ also releases glucose into bloodstream
Corticosteroids
Heart beats more forcefully
Contractility
Shunts blood away from GI Tract and kidneys to
other priority areas
epinephrine and norepinephrine is stimulated in this response
sympathetic
glycogenolysis
breakdown of glycogen into glucose
Mydriasis
Pupil dilation
Vasoconstriction in peripheral blood vessels raises systolic/ diastolic blood pressure
Pupil dilation=mydriasis(BIG word=BIG PUPIL)
Tight urinary sphincter
Alpha 1 receptors normal response
In pancreas, controls insulin secretion
Receptors found on nerve membranes- help to prevent overstimulation of the organ/cell by regulating NE uptake
Adrenergic
Alpha 2 receptors normal response
Mimics stimulation of sympathetic nervous system
Sympathomimetic
Major ADRENERGIC DRUG
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Adrenergic drugs:
cannot cross blood-brain barrier or taken orally (ex. Epinephrine; Norepinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine)
Catecholamines
Adrenergic drugs:
cross blood-brain barrier (ephedrine, albuterol, and phenylephrine)
Noncatecholamines
Adverse Effects of Catecholamines:
Nervousness, hypertension, tachycardia, hyperglycemia
Adverse Effects of Noncatecholamines:
Anxiety, insomnia, tachycardia; palpitations, dysrhythmias
Agonists=
sympathomimetics
Isoproterenol (Isuprel) action
bronchodilator
Albuterol
Bronchodilator
the agent used to treat extravasation of dobutamine.
Phentolamine
For a client in shock, dopamine helps to:
increase blood pressure
Which would the nurse identify as a naturally occurring catecholamine?
Dopamine
Constricts Pupils= miosis (small word=small pupil)
Contraction smooth muscle GI=peristalsis
Vasodilation
Bronchoconstriction
Increased secretions bronchus
Slows heart rate
Decreased myocardial contractility
Effects of the Parasympathetic Nervous System
Breakdown of glucose by enzymes, releasing energy
Glycolysis
Breakdown of glycogen into glucose
Glycogenolysis
In the sympathetic response, corticosteroids reduces inflammation and also
releases glucose into the bloodstream
Mydriasis
Pupil dilation
Pallor is what type of response?
Sympathetic
Example of catecholamine drug
epinephrine
Example of non-catecholamine drug
albuterol
drugs that cannot pass blood brain barrier
catecholamine
drugs that can pass blood brain barrier
non-catecholamine
Drug used to treat: acute cardiac arrest, respiratory, and allergic disorder hypotension
epinephrine
Contraindications for adrenergic drugs
avoid adrenaline
Drugs that promote
agonist
Drugs that prevent
antagonist
Example of adrenergic agonist
bronchodilator ie albuterol
example of adrenergic antagonist
beta blockers
beta blockers cause the heart rate to
remain low, blocking adrenergic response
beta blockers cause lower HR during exercise so the patient gets
tired faster because of low O2
Major alpha and beta adrenergic blocking agent side effect
Hypoglycemia
why should the nurse be cautious with diabetic patients taking Beta Blockers?
Beta blockers cause heart rate to decrease and in diabetic patients if there is decrease in the sugar levels then patients would have increase in the heart rate as a warning sign, if the person is on beta blockers it would mask the warning sign which can be fatal and so it is not contraindicated but should be cautiously given in a known case of diabetes.
SLUDGE
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urinary Incontinence
Diarrhea
GI Cramps
Emesis
Example of an anticholinergic drug for n/v
scopolamine
anticholinergic for overactive bladder
oxybutin
Anticholinergic drug that decreases secretions
Atropine
