Musculoskeletal - Class Notes Flashcards
White 64 y/o female has right knee pain; reports recent fall; hxt is gout, right rotator cuff repair 5 years ago & left rotator cuff surgery 2 years ago; 45-pack smoking (quit 2 years ago); daily alcohol use; BMI 28; 5 adult children — What could this info indicate risks for?
- age & female & white: risk for osteoporosis
- hxt of gout: hxt of joint disease
- smoking & alcohol: risk for osteoporosis
- 5 children: osteoporosis
- BMI: risk for MSK complications
Individuals who are assigned ____ at birth have denser bones.
male
Pregnancy can cause ______ of bone mass. Why?
loss; diversion of nutrients to the fetus
Older adult considerations regarding musculoskeletal assessment
- an altered sense of position in space (fall risk)
- loss of bone mass and muscle
- generalized joint stiffening
Prolonged corticoid steroid use can impact what
bone mass and glucose levels
Drop in what hormone can increase the risk for osteoporosis
estrogen
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
autoimmune; attacking joints and causing inflammation
What is osteoarthritis?
wear and tear from the joints; from a sedentary lifestyle as well
What is the risk with TMJ issues?
ensuring adequate nutrition
What is Lordosis?
excessive inward curvature of the spine, typically in the lower back
What is an Anatomic snuffbox testing for?
fracture
What is a Squeeze test testing for?
arthritis
What is a Swan neck deformity? (check pg 570)
What are Herben’s nodes?
What is a Ganglion?
What is Tenosynovitis?
Inflammation of the synovial near the TENdons
What is Thenar atrophy?
a condition characterized by the wasting and weakening of the muscles in the thenar eminence, the fleshy area at the base of the THumb
Test for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Phalen test: pressure
- Tinel test: nerve
Why do nurses need to cautiously assess ROM with total hip replacement?
do not test ROM unless ordered
What is a McMurray test?
a knee assessment used to assess for tears in the meniscus, the cartilage pads in the knee
What is a Bulge test?
Knee assessment to differentiate between tissue swelling and a small amount of fluid
What is the Ballottement Test?
Knee assessment to detect large amounts of fluid
What is Gouty arthritis?
MTP (metatarsal phalangeal) joint of the greater toe is tender, painful, red, hot, and swollen
Hallux valgus is a deformity commonly known as a _______.
Bunion
What is a pathological fracture?
a fracture as a secondary result of a condition, such as cancer
