Male & Female Reproductive Flashcards
How often should a male perform a TSA?
once a month
What positions should the patient be in for a Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)? What is a DRE assessing?
the patient can be lying laterally or bent over
- assessing the prostate
Inspection of the penis, what are you looking for?
- pubic hair
- shaft: normal, wrinkles, no rashes
- glans: smooth, free of lesions
- look for location of the meatus: look for discharge by squeezing the gland
Circumcision: what
decrease risk for penal cancer, infection
Phimosis
difficulty retracting the foreskin
Paraphimosis
foreskin is trapped behind the skin; can lead to necrosis
Syphilis
a form of STI; treated with PCN
Herpes
clear vesicles; medications to help management; no cure
Genital Warts
painless, cause by HPV; no cure; can go away on its own
Hypospadias
meatus is in an abnormal location, located underside of the penis; treated with surgery
Epispadias
a rare congenital condition where the urethra doesn’t fully form, resulting in an abnormal opening
Peyronines Disease
a bent pp
Penile Cancer
painless, hard nodules
Scrotal Edema can occur due to what condition? (most commonly seen)
congestive heart failure
Testicular torsion
twisting of the spermatic cord; treated with surgery
Orchitis
inflammation of the testicles related with infection; treated with antibiotics and scrotal support
Testicular cancer
curable cancer, testicular lumps present
Hydrocele
collection of fluid; fluid-filled sac that surrounds the testicles
Transillumination
diagnostic tool
- bright light = fluid
- dark light = solid tissue or blood clot
Symptoms of Prostate cancer
- difficulty urinating
- decreased force of urine stream
- frequent urination at night
- dribbling after urination
- blood in urine
- swelling in legs
- discomfort in pelvic area
- bone pain
Symptoms of BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia)
- difficulty urinating
- decrease force of urine stream
- frequent urination at night
What is a Pilonidal Cyst? Where is this found?
redness, irritation, cyst
- found in the perianal area
What are the two kinds of Hemorrhoids? What is this found? How is this treated?
- internal
- external
- found in the perianal area
- typically treated with creams
Colorectal cancer starts as what?
Polyps
What is Metorrhagia?
bleeding between menstrual periods (spotting)
What is Amenorrhea?
absence of menstruation
- primary: have not had a period yet
- secondary: had period but now it stopped
What is Dysmenorrhea?
painful menstruation
What is Perimenopausal?
just before menopause
- ex. hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness, fatigue, urinary urgency/leakage
- occurs around 40-50 years of age
What does PMS stand for?
Premenstrual Syndrome
How do you know your cisgender female patient is in menopause?
a year without menses
What is TSS? What are the symptoms and treatment?
Toxic Shock Syndrome
- staph infection
- life threatening
- related to tampon use
- symptoms: fever, intense pain, hypotension, seizures, muscle pain, shock, renal failure, (even) death
- treatment: antibiotics, fluids, dialysis (renal failure)
What is PID?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
- secondary to gonorrhea/chlamydia (most common)
What is the role of a nurse during an objective assessment for a female?
chaperone
Before you assessing a female’s genitalia, what should you ask the patient?
ask they if they need to go to the bathroom; having a full bladder is uncomfortable during these exams
What are the risk factors for Cervical Cancer?
- failure to have reg pap smears
- HPV infectino
- having multiple sexual partners
- no HPV vaccination
- smoking
- h/o of HIV infection
What are the risk factors for Colorectal Cancer?
- diet high in fat and low in fiber
- diet high in red or processed meats
- smoking
- alcohol
- reduced physical exercises and activity
Assessment of cisgender female older adults, what to look out for?
- vaginal bleeding
- vaginal drying
- grey, thinning public hair
- sexual health
- increased risk for cervical polyps
