Musculoskeletal Flashcards
A 65yo sedentary woman presents with back pain and mild kyphosis. A week later she fractures her femur with minimal trauma
Osteoporosis
35yo female presents with chronic widespread body pain and fatigue. On examination, tenderness is diffuse
Fibromylagia
A patient presents with symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness associated with a low-grade fever. The patient eventually develops muscle atrophy and hyporeflexia. There are no other neurological or sensory changes
Myopathy
6yo male presents with increasing muscle weakness particularly affecting the shoulder and hip girdles. On examination, he has hypertrophied calves and Gower’s sign
DMD
40yo patient presents with chronic onset muscle weakness and atrophy associated with difficulty in motor tasks such as standing from chairs. Associated fever, weight loss and fatigue. The patient goes on to develop cardiorespiratory failure
Myositis
A female patient presents with muscle weakness that is worse after activity and improves with rest. Associated ptosis and diplopia are noted on examination
Myasthenia gravis
55yo overweight woman presents with a painful knee, particularly on weightbearing. On examination, there is joint crepitus in the knee which has a limited range of active and passive movements. She later goes on to develop a similar process in her hands, which spares the MCP joints
OA
45yo female smoker presents with a 6 week history of painful swollen joints in the hands, sparing the DIP joints. On examination, the joints are red and boggy
RA
40yo patient presents with dactylitis and pitting. Arthritic features are noted in the DIP joints. She has a family history of psoriasis
Psoriatic arthritis
25yo male presents with sacroiliitis. He is HLA-B27 positive
Ankylosing spondylitis
A patient with a history of IBD presents with a Achilles’ tendonitis. What type of arthritis is he likely to develop?
Enteropathic arthritis
8yo boy presents with a sacroiliitis with associated fever and rash
Idiopathic juvenile arthritis
20yo male presents with an asymmetrical arthritis in his knees. He has had a previous urethritis. He is HLA-B27 positive
Reactive arthritis
A 35yo known IVDU presents with an acutely swollen and painful knee. The pain is not relieved by rest, and there is associated redness and decreased ROM. He has a high fever. No other joints are affected
Septic arthritis
A 45yo male presents with an acutely swollen MTP joint. The joint is red and painful, which is present at rest. On further questioning, he has a moderate alcohol consumption
Gout
A 65yo patient presents with an acutely swollen shoulder. It is hot, painful and red. On joint aspiration, positively birefringent crystals are seen
Pseudogout
33yo patient presents with pain over their lateral forearm, and tenderness over the common extensor origin. The patient has pain with resisted wrist and finger flexion
Tennis elbow
A patient presents with nocturnal thumb, index and middle fingers of one hand. Wasting of thenar eminence of this hand is noted
Carpal tunnel syndrome
A patient presents with a fixed flexion deformity of one finger
Trigger finger
A patient presents with a finger in a partially flexed posture. There is fusiform swelling of the digit and passive extension is painful. What process is occurring in the finger?
Tenosynovitis
A patient presents with functional restriction of both active and passive movements of one shoulder, movements are also painful. The patient has noticed gradual decline in the ROM of this shoulder over many months
Adhesive capsulitis
A 22yo patient presents following an ankle injury at netball. The patient describes a painful inversion action
Ankle sprain
Describe this fracture
Fracture of the left distal radius with ulnar styloid fracture
• Comminuted fracture
• Dorsal angulation and impaction
• Intra-articular fracture: at risk of post-traumatic OA
Describe this fracture
Fracture of the radial head with associated large elbow joint effusion
Lucent triangles = fat pads which indicates fluid (usually blood) in this space
Describe this fracture
Galeazzi fracture: fracture of the radial shaft at the junction of the middle and distal 1/3 with volar angulation of the distal fragment with respect to the proximal radial shaft and dorsal dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
What does this x-ray show?
A-C joint dislocation
What does this x-ray show?
Anterior-inferior shoulder dislocation
What does this x-ray show?
Neck of humerus fracture
What does this MRI show?
Scaphoid fracture
What does this x-ray show?
Subcapital right NOF fracture
What does this x-ray show?
- Superior dislocation of the right total hip prosthesis
- No periprosthetic fracture is seen
