Muscular Training

Question 1

Formation of blood cells

Answer 1

Hemopoiesis

Question 2

Cortical bone

Answer 2

aka Compact. Dense outer layer. Attach to tendons

Question 3

Trabecular bone

Answer 3

aka spongy. Honeycomb-like inner structure

Question 4

Diaphysis

Answer 4

Shaft of long bone

Question 5

Epiphysis

Answer 5

Ends of long bone

Question 6

Periosteum

Answer 6

Dense outer surface of bone

Question 7

Wolff’s law

Answer 7

Changes in bone structure coincide with changes in bone function. When the skeleton is subjected to stressful forces, it responds by laying down more bone tissue, increasing density.

Question 8

Axial Skeleton

Answer 8

Skull, vetrebral column, sternum and ribs
Protects CNS and organs of thorax

Question 9

Appendicular Skeleton

Answer 9

Bones of upper and lower limbs, shoulder and pelvic girdle

Question 10

Articulations

Answer 10

Main types of joints: fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial (most common)

Question 11

Movements of synovial joints

Answer 11

Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction

Question 12

Central Nervous System

Answer 12

Brain and spinal cord

Question 13

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 13

All nervous structures located outside of the CNS (nerves and ganglia)

Question 14

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 14

Made up of nerves that transmit impulses to the the smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and glands

Question 15

Somatic nervous system

Answer 15

Under conscious control and carries nerve impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscles

Question 16

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer 16

Activated when there is a stressor or emergency such as severe pain, anger, or fear

Question 17

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer 17

Aids in controlling normal functions such as digesting food, storing energy, and promoting growth

Question 18

Synapse

Answer 18

Space in between neurons

Question 19

Proprioception

Answer 19

Knowing where the body is in relation to its various segments and the external environment

Question 20

Proprioceptors

Answer 20

Structures that gather sensory information to achieve kinesthetic awareness located in the skin, in and around joints and muscles, and the inner ear

Question 21

Pacinian corpuscles

Answer 21

Receptors located deep within the skin and the joint capsule that are sensitive to pressure

Question 22

Meissner’s corpuscles

Answer 22

Receptors located in the superficial layers of the skin that are responsive to light touch

Question 23

Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles

Answer 23

Located within the joint capsule and are responsive to joint compression; stimulated by weight bearing activity

Question 24

Golgi Tendon organ

Answer 24

Senses increased tension within its associated muscle when the muscle contracts or is stretched.

Question 25

Vestibular system

Answer 25

Sensory information related to the position of the head in space and to sudden changes in the directional movement of the head

Question 26

Anterior tibialis

Answer 26

Lateral tibia
Dorsiflexion at ankle; inversion at foot

Question 27

Peroneus

Answer 27

head and lateral fibula
plantar flexion at ankle

Question 28

Gastrocnemius

Answer 28

Posterior surface of femoral condyles
plantar flexion at ankle; flexion at knee

Question 29

Soleus

Answer 29

Posterior surfaces of tibia and fibula
Plantar flexion at ankle

Question 30

Posterior tibialis

Answer 30

Posterior surface of tibia and fibula
plantar flexion at ankle; inversion at foot

Question 31

Rectus Femoris

Answer 31

Anterior spine of ilium
Knee Extension

Question 32

Vastus lateralis, intermidius, and medialis

Answer 32

Along lateral, anterior, and medial femur
Knee Extension

Question 33

Biceps femoris

Answer 33

Long head; Ischial tuberosity
Short head; lower lateral linea aspera
Flexion and external rotation at knee