Muscular System

Question 1

Skeletal Muscle (voluntary)

Answer 1

Skeletal muscle fibers are multinucleated structures that compose the skeletal muscle.

Question 2

Cardiac Muscle (involuntary)

Answer 2

Cardiac muscle are only found in the heart

Question 3

Smooth Muscle (involuntary)

Answer 3

Smooth muscles are called so because they do not have striations. These can be found in hollow organs such as bladder, stomach, uterus, intestines, and passageways of circulatory system.

Question 4

Exicability

Answer 4

Able to send electrical waves (action potential) along the entire length

Question 5

Elasticity

Answer 5

Having the ability to recoil back to its original length

Question 6

Extensibility

Answer 6

Allows muscles to stretch or extend

Question 7

Contractility

Answer 7

Allows muscles to pull on its attachment and shorten

Question 8

Fascicle

Answer 8

The muscle fibers that are arranged in bundles

Question 9

Epimysium

Answer 9

Outermost layer, surrounds entire muscle

Question 10

Perimysium

Answer 10

Separates and surrounds fascicles

Question 11

Endomysium

Answer 11

Surrounds each individual muscle fiber

Question 12

Sarcolemma

Answer 12

Muscle fiber membrane

Question 13

Myofibril

Answer 13

Individual parallel muscle fibers (made up of actin and myosin)

Question 14

Sarcoplasm

Answer 14

Inner material surrounding the myofibril (equivalent to the cell’s cytoplasm)

Question 15

Actin

Answer 15

Thin filaments

Question 16

Myosin

Answer 16

Thick filaments

Question 17

Prime Mover - Subclavius

Answer 17

Target motion - depression, Movement - Stabilizes clavicle during movement by depressing it

Question 18

Prime Mover - Serratus anterior

Answer 18

Target motion - Scapula: protracts; ribs; elevates, Movement - Moves arms from side of the body to front of the body; assists with inhalation (breathing)

Question 19

Prime mover - Trapezius

Answer 19

Target motion - Scapula: rotates inferiorly, retracts, elevates and depresses; spine; extends, Movement - Elevates shoulders (shrugging); pulls shoulder blades together; tilts head backwards

Question 20

Prime mover - Rhomboid major

Answer 20

Target motion - Retracts; rotates inferiorly. Movement - Stabliizes scapula during pectoral girdle movement

Question 21

Prime mover - Pectoralis major

Answer 21

Target motion - flexion; adduction; medial rotation. Movement - Brings elbows together; moves elbow up fast during an uppercut punch

Question 22

Prime mover -Latissimus dorsi

Answer 22

Target motion - Humerus; extension, adduction, and media rotation; scapula depression. Movement - Moves elbow back (as in elbowing someone standing behind you); spreads elbows apart.

Question 23

Prime mover - Deltoid

Answer 23

Target motion - Abduction; flexion; extension, medial and lateral rotation. Movement - Lifts arms at the shoulder

Question 24

Primer mover - Supraspinatus

Answer 24

Target motion - Abduction. Movement - Rotates the elbow outwards as during a tennis swing.

Question 25

Prime mover -Teres Major

Answer 25

Target motion - Extension; adduction. Movement - Assists the infraspinatus in rotating the elbow outwards.

Question 26

Prime mover - Biceps brachii

Answer 26

Target motion - Flexion; supination. Movement - Anterior muscles (flexion)

Question 27

Prime mover - Triceps brachii

Answer 27

Target motion - extension. Movement - Extends forearm, as during a punch

Question 28

Prime mocer - pronator teres

Answer 28

Target motion - Pronation. Movement - turns hands palm-down

Question 29

Prime mover - Supinator

Answer 29

Target motion - supination. Movement - turns hand palm-up.

Question 30

Prime mover - iliacus

Answer 30

Target motion - thigh; flexion and lateral rotation; torso; flexion. Movement - Raises the kneww at the hip, as if performing a knee attack.

Question 31

Prime mover - gluteous maximus

Answer 31

Target motion - extension. Movement - Lowers the knee and moves the thigh back, as when getting ready to kick a ball.

Question 32

Prime mover - gluteus medius

Answer 32

Target motion - Abduction, Movement - opens the thigh, as when doing a split

Question 33

Prime mover - Gluteus minimus

Answer 33

Target motion - Abduction, Movement - brings the thighs back together

Question 34

Prime mover - Adductor longus

Answer 34

Target motion - Adduction; flexion. Movement - brings the thighs back together; it also assists with raising the knee.

Question 35

Prime mover - Rectus femoris

Answer 35

Target motion - tibia/fibula, extension; thigh. Movement - Moves the lower leg out in front of the body, as when kicking; it alsp assists in raising the knee.

Question 36

Prime mover - Biceps Femoris

Answer 36

Target motion - Tibia/fibula: flexion; thigh: extension, lateral rotation. Movement - Moves the back of the lower leg up and back toward the buttocks, as when kneelong; it alos moves the thigh down and back and twists the thigh (and lower leg) outward.

Question 37

Prime mover - Tibialis anterior

Answer 37

Target motion - Dorsiflexion; inversion. Movement - Raises the sole of the foot off the ground, as when preparing to foot-tap.

Question 38

Prime mover - Extensor hallucis longus

Answer 38

Target motion - Foot; dorsiflecion; big toe: extension. Movement - Raises the sole of the foot off the ground, as when preparing to foot-tap. Extends the big toe.

Question 39

Prime mover - Extensor Digitorium longus

Answer 39

Target motion - foot; dorsiflexion, toes, extension. Movement - Raises the sole of the foot off the ground, as when preparing to foot-tap. Extends the toes.

Question 40

Prime mover - Gastrocnemius

Answer 40

Target motion - Foot; plantar flexion, tibia/fibula; flexion. Movement - Lowers the sole of the foot to the ground, as when jumping.

Question 41

Prime mover - Soleus

Answer 41

Target motion - plantar flexion. Movement - Lowers the sole of the foot to the ground, as when jumping. It also maintains posture when walking.

Question 42

Prime mover - Tibialis posterior

Answer 42

Target motion - Plantar flexion. Movement - lowers the sole of the foot to the ground, as when foot tapping or jumping.

Question 43

Prime mover - Flexor digitorium longus

Answer 43

Target motion - Foot; plantar flexion and inversion; toes; flexion. Movement - Bends the inside of the foot upward and flexes the toes.

Question 44

Prime mover - Flexor halicis longus

Answer 44

Target motion - Big toe; flexion. Foot; plantar flexion. Movement - flexes big toe.