Integumentary System

Question 1

Function of Integumentary System

Answer 1

Encloses internal body structures, site of many receptors, thermoregulation and vitamin D synthesis

Question 2

Main organs

Answer 2

Hair, Skin, Nails

Question 3

What is function 1 of the integumentary system and what does it do?

Answer 3

Protection; protects the rest of the body from the basic elements of nature, acts as a protective barrier againsr water loss.

Question 4

What is function 2 of the integumentary system and what does it do?

Answer 4

Sensory; Skin acts as a sense organ because of the epidermis, dermis, and the hypodermis. (contain sensory nerves)

Question 5

What is function 3 of the integumentary system and what does it do?

Answer 5

Thermoregulation; helps regulate body temperature w/ its tight association with the sympathetic nervous system

Question 6

What is function 4 of the integumentary system and what does it do?

Answer 6

Vitamin 4 Synthesis; Vitamin D is synthesized into the skin when exposed to sunlight (UV radiation)

Question 7

What is Vitamin D for?

Answer 7

Normal absorption of calcium and phosphorus

Question 8

What are the 3 main layers of the skin?

Answer 8

Epidermis, dermis and hypothermis

Question 9

What is the order of skin layers? (these are within the main skin layers)

Answer 9

Corneum, lucidum, ganulosum, basale

Question 10

All the cells in the layers except for basale are called what?

Answer 10

Keratincyotes

Question 11

What does the Keratincyote cells do?

Answer 11

Manufactures and stores the protein ‘keratin’

Question 12

Basale

Answer 12

Deepest layer, a single layer of cells, bonds to the dermis, produces keratincyotes

Question 13

Spinosum

Answer 13

Spiny in appearance due to the protruding cell processes that join the cells

Question 14

Lucidum

Answer 14

A smooth translucent layer of the epidermis located just above the granulosum

Question 15

Corneum

Answer 15

Most superficial layer of the epidermis, exposed to the outside environment

Question 16

Keratin

Answer 16

Gives hair, nails, and skin their hardness and water resistant properties

Question 17

What is the skin?

Answer 17

Largest organ; thin layer of tissue that acts as a barrier to internal organs

Question 18

Epidermis

Answer 18

Thin, outer layer of the skin that is visible to the eye and works to provide protection to the body

Question 19

Dermis

Answer 19

The inner layer of the two main layers of the skin. Has a connective tissue, blood vessels, oil, sweat glands, nerves, hair follicles, and other structures

Question 20

Hypodermis

Answer 20

The deepest layer. The layer of tissue that underlies the skin.

Question 21

Hair

Answer 21

Keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis, above the skin.

Question 22

Hair follicle

Answer 22

Where the hair strands originate, within the epidermis, superior to the dermis.

Question 23

Hair shaft

Answer 23

Part of the hair not anchored to the follicle, exposed on the skins surface.

Question 24

Hair root

Answer 24

Where the rest of the hair in the follicle lies. It resides in the dermal layer of the skin and is made up of 20 different cell types, each with distinct functions.

Question 25

Free edge (nail)

Answer 25

The nail is a platelike, keratinous, translucent structure that consists of highly specialized epithelial cells. The nail grows from a deep groove in the dermis of the skin. a nail is a horn-like envelop covering the dorsal aspect of the terminal phalanges of fingers and toes

Question 26

Lunula

Answer 26

The lunula is the visible portion of the distal nail matrix that extends beyond the proximal nailfold

Question 27

Cuticle

Answer 27

The outermost layer of the skin of vertebrates; epidermis.

Question 28

Nail Root

Answer 28

The root of the nail is also known as the germinal matrix. Its edge appears as a white crescent, known as the lunula. The root portion of this nail lies below the skin, underneath the nail, and extends several millimeters into the finger. It produces most of the volume of the nail and the nail bed.

Question 29

Pores

Answer 29

the small openings in the skin in which oil and sweat reach the surface from their respective glands below

Question 30

Eccrine Sweat gland

Answer 30

Found all over the skins surface

Question 31

Apocrine sweat gland

Answer 31

Found in areas like armpits and genital regions, found in densely hairy areas

Question 32

Basal Cell Carcinoma

Answer 32

Type of skin cancer that develops on the face and neck, is caused by expire to UV radiation, growth or a sore that some heal, surgery is the usual treatment.

Question 33

Melanoma

Answer 33

Produces melanin and grows out of control, large mole, skin growth, pigment change. Most treatments are surgery and chemotherapy

Question 34

Eczema

Answer 34

Skin condition where skin becomes itchy bumpy and red. Can be caused by many different factors. Can be treated by creams and ointments, such as steroids and topical creams. (can be genetic)

Question 35

Acne

Answer 35

Hair follicles are clogged up with oil and dead skin cells. There are many treatments like accurate and topical creams. Symptoms are pimples, bumps, redness of face, blackheads.

Question 36

First degree burn

Answer 36

Only involve the top layer of the skin, can be red and painful. Treatment involves cooling the burn and covering it. Symptoms involve mild swelling, dry skin, peeling skin, red skin.

Question 37

Second degree burn

Answer 37

Involve the outer layer of the skin and inner, can be caused by very hot water, open flames, sun, hot objects, chemicals. Treatment involves to immerse it in cool water. Skin is painful to the touch.

Question 38

Third Degree burn

Answer 38

Destroy the epidermis and dermis. No sensation due to the nerve endings being destroyed. Treatment is early cleaning. Leathery texture.

Question 39

Fourth degree burn

Answer 39

Go through the both layers of skin and underlying tissue. Primarily caused by flames and chemicals. Symptoms involve exposed bone and charred looking skin. Treatment depends on severity

Question 40

Stretch Marks

Answer 40

Scars that develop when skin stretches or it shrinks quickly, they come in streaks that very in color. Treatments don't really help.

Question 41

Callus

Answer 41

Hardened layers of the skin that develop when your skin tries to protect itself from friction. Treatment is to avoid repetitive action that causes them to develop. You can file or trim them.

Question 42

Squamous Cell Cancer

Answer 42

Found on the dermis. Caused by combination of sun exposure over time and your individual genetics. Flaky, scaly looking skin. Clothing and things to cover the skin can be helpful.