Muscles that MOVE the scapula

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

ORIGIN

Occiput, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes of C7 – T12.

INSERTION

Spine of scapula, lateral 1/3 of the posterior clavicle, acromion process.

ACTION

Upper fibers: Elevate and rotate scapula upward. Middle fibers: Retract scapula. Lower fibers: Depress and rotate scapula upward.

INNERVATION

Spinal accessory.

Question 2

Trapezius: Upper Fibers

Answer 2

ORIGIN

Occiput and ligamentum nuchae.

INSERTION

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle.

ACTION

Elevate and rotate scapula upward.

INNERVATION

Spinal accessory.

Question 3

Trapezius: Middle Fibers

Answer 3

ORIGIN

Arises from the spinous process of C7 and the spinous processes of T1-T3.

INSERTION

Spine of scapula and acromion.

ACTION

Retract scapula.

INNERVATION

Spinal accessory.

Question 4

Trapezius: Lower Fibers

Answer 4

ORIGIN

Spinous processes of vertebrae T4 – T12.

INSERTION

Root of the spine of scapula.

ACTION

Depress and rotate scapula upward.

INNERVATION

Spinal accessory.

Question 5

Rhomboid Major

Answer 5

ORIGIN

Spinous Processes of the T2 – T5.

INSERTION

Medial border of Scapula (inferior to the insertion of the rhomboid minor muscle).

ACTION

Retracts, elevates, and rotates scapula downwards.

INNERVATION

Dorsal scapular.

Question 6

Rhomboid Minor

Answer 6

ORIGIN

Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7 – T1.

INSERTION

Superior medial border of scapula (superior to the insertion of rhomboid major muscle).

ACTION

Retracts, elevates, and rotates scapula downwards.

INNERVATION

Dorsal scapular.

Question 7

Levator Scapulae

Answer 7

ORIGIN

Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes at C1-C4.

INSERTION

Medial border of scapula.

ACTION

Elevation of the medial border of scapula.

INNERVATION

Dorsal scapular.

Question 8

Serratus Anterior

Answer 8

ORIGIN

Outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs.

INSERTION

Medial border and inferior angle of scapula.

ACTION

Tilts scapula anteriorly (protraction) and upward rotation of scapula.

INNERVATION

Long thoracic.

Question 9

Pectoralis Minor

Answer 9

ORIGIN

3rd to 5th ribs (near costal cartilages).

INSERTION

Corocoid process of scapula.

ACTION

Tilts scapula anteriorly (protraction) and inferiorly. Elevates ribs if scapula fixed.

INNERVATION

Medial pectoral.