Muscles That Move the Mandible and Assist in Mastication and Speech

Question 1

Temporalis originates?

Answer 1

on the temporal bone

-moves deep to the zygomatic arch (under) and therefore under the orgin of the masseter

Question 2

Temporalis inserts where?

Answer 2

onto the cornoid process of the mandible

Question 3

Temporalis does what?

Answer 3

elevates and retracts the mandible

Question 4

Masseter originates from?

Answer 4

the zygomatic process (arch)

-

Question 5

Masseter inserts?

Answer 5

the angle of the mandible

Question 6

Masseter does what function?

Answer 6

• elivates the mandible

- closes the mouth

Question 7

which two muscles drive mastication?

Answer 7

the temporalisis and the masseter

Question 8

buccinator - not in the masitcation group- inervated by the facial nerve- therefore part of the facial muscle, so why is it also apart of the muscles of mastication?

Answer 8

moves the mouth side to side, which is needed for chewing food

Question 9

all the muscles of mastication are inervated by what nerve?

Answer 9

the mandibular nerve, cranial nerve

Question 10

where does the mandibluar nerve exist the scull?

Answer 10

through the foramen ovale

Question 11

the mandibular nerve is a branch off of which nerve?

Answer 11

the trigeminal nerve which is cranial nerve 5

Question 12

what are the names of the branches of the trigeninal nerve?

Answer 12

1. CN V-1 first branch off the 5th cranial nerve
   - opthanlmic - sense of touch toward the forhead
2. CN V-2 - the maxilary nerve
   - goes through the foramen rotundrum
   - sensory nerve- tacktile info. around the maxilary area
3. CN V-3 mandibular nerve
   - sensory: info around the jaw
   - motor: cause or allow for chewing, elivate the jaw

Question 13

what nerve inervates the muscles of mastication?

Answer 13

CN V-3, the mandibular branch of the trigeninal nerve, whichhas both sensory and motor capabilities

Question 14

pterygoid muscles- seconday chewing muscles orrignate from the?

Answer 14

pterygoid procceses of the sphenoid bone

Question 15

Lateral pterygoid- farther, wing like

inserts where?

Answer 15

the TMJ (temporal mandibular joint)

Question 16

lateral pterygoid causes what movement?

Answer 16

-protracts the mandible (forward and backward movement)

and moves it side to side

Question 17

Medial pterygoid inserts?

Answer 17

onto the inner mandiblular mandible

-the inner side of the mandible

Question 18

Medial pterygoid runs in almost the exacy orientation as what muscle?

Answer 18

the masseter

Question 19

Medial pterygoid is and agonist or an antagonist to the masseter

Answer 19

agonist, assists the muscle

Question 20

Medial pterygoid

Answer 20

• depresses the mandible (openign the mouth)

- moves the mandble side to side

Question 21

sumarized the functions of the pterygoid muscles

Answer 21

-finer forward backward, side to side

Question 22

what does the word glossus refer to?

Answer 22

the tongue

Question 23

what are intrinsic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 23

• they are muscles the originate and insert within the tongue.
• these muscles alter the shape of the tongue rather than move the entire tongue

Question 24

what are extrinisic muscles of the tongue?

Answer 24

• their insertion is outside of the tongue and they insert into it
• they move the tongue in various directions
• assist in chewing, move the food between molars
• more related to speech

Question 25

Styloglossus originates from?

Answer 25

the styloid process

Question 26

Styloglossus inserts?

Answer 26

onto the tongue

-the underside of the tongue

Question 27

Styloglossus causes what movement

Answer 27

the styloid process is much higher than the tongue so contraction is going to draw the tongue upwards (back towards the styloid process)

• helps to retract the tongue
• backward and upwards

Question 28

Genioglossus (chin, tongue) originates from where?

Answer 28

the chin, inner side on the mandible

Question 29

Genioglossus inserts where?

Answer 29

on the bottom the the tongue

Question 30

Genioglossus is antagonistic to what muscle?

Answer 30

stylogossus

Question 31

Genioglossus does what kind of movent?

Answer 31

bring the tongue forward to iniciate swallowing

-

Question 32

Hyoglossu originates from?

Answer 32

the hyoid bone

Question 33

Hyoglossus inserts?

Answer 33

onto the tounge

Question 34

Hyoglossus does what?

Answer 34

draws the tongue downwards

Question 35

which nerve inervates the three muscles of the tongue?

Answer 35

the hypoglosal nerve

Question 36

the hypoglosal nerve is cranial nerve number?

Answer 36

12

Question 37

where does crainial nerve exist out of the cranium?

Answer 37

the hypoglosal canal

Question 38

the stylogossus, hypoglossus, and geinoglosus are all involved in what movements?

Answer 38

• movement so the tongue involved in speech

- slallowing

Question 39

palatoglossus (proof of the mouth)

is involved in what movement

Answer 39

regergiation

• contraction pulls down the soft pallet
• brings the soft pallet towards the tounge

Question 40

Palatoglossus originates from?

Answer 40

the tongue

Question 41

Palatoglossus inserts?

Answer 41

onto the soft pallet

-not bone, cartalage in the far back portion of the oral cavity

Question 42

what nerve inervates the Palatoglossus?

Answer 42

the vagus nerve, cranial nerve 10

• gag reflex
• stimulation of regergiation

Question 43

where does the vagus nerve exist from the craium?

Answer 43

the jugular foramen