Chapter 6: Bone Tissue Flashcards
Functions of Bone and the Skeletal System
- support,
- protection,
- movement,
- mineral storage and release,
- blood cell production,
- triglyceride storage.
Explain the function of bone mineral storage and release
- stores calcium and phosporous
- On demand, bone releases minerals into the blood to maintain critical mineral balances and to distribute the minerals to other parts of the body.
what does red bone marrow produce
- red blood cells
- white blood cells
- platelets
where is red bone marrow present
-developing bones of the fetus
-pelvic bones
-ribs
-sternum
-vertebrae
-skull
ends of the humerus and femur
types of bones
long
short, flat, irregular, or sesamoid
features of long bones
- greater length than width
- slightly curved for strength
- mostly compact bone (dense, smaller spaces)
features of short bones
- cube shaped
- spongy bone exect at the surface
features of flat bones
- thin, two parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone
- protectiong and provide areas for muscle attachment
features of irregular bones
- not grouped
- vertebrae, certain facial bones, calcaneus
features of seasamoid bones
- develope in tendons where there is friction, compression or stress
- protect tendon
Sutural bones
-small bones located within the sutures of certain crainial joints
depression or opening
Sites allowing the passage of soft tissue (nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, tendons) or formation of joints
fissure
Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which blood vessels or nerves pass
-supior orbital fissure,
-inferior orbital fissure
(sphenoid bone)
fossa
shallow depression
-end of bones to house joints
sulcus
furrow amoung bone surface the accomodates a blood vessel, nerve or tendon
meatus
tubelike opening
processes
Projections or outgrowths on bone that form joints or attachment points for connective tissue, such as ligaments and tendons.
precesses that form joints
- condyle (large round surface with a smooth articular surface at the end of the bone)
- facet (smooth, flat, slight concave or convex articular surface)
- head
processes that form attachment sites for conective tissues
- crest
- epicondyle (round projetion above a condyle)
- line
- spinous process (sharp, slender projection)
- trochanter (very large projection)
- tubical
- tuberosity(rough, bumpy surface)
the extra cellular matrix of bones contain
- mineral salts (hydroxyapatite)
- collagen fibres
compact bone composition
- osteons
- little space between them
function of compact bones
- protect
- support
- resist stress
spongy bone compostion
- no osteons
- red bone marrow
function of spongy bones
- trabecular offers resistance along stress lines
- support and protect red bone marrow
- make bones lighter and easier for movement
