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S&F 1 > Muscles Test 2 > Flashcards

Muscles Test 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the medial rotators of the femur?

A

Tensor Fascia Lata

Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus medius

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2
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

A

Nerve: Superior Gluteal N.

Function: Medial rotation of the femur, flexion and abduction of femur and tension of fascia lata

Artery: Mainly lateral circumflex femoral a. and superior gluteal a.

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Mainly to iliotibial tract

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3
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

Nerve: Superior Gluteal N.

Function: MEdial rotation of the femur, abductor of femur

Artery: Superior gluteal artery

Origin: ilium (between anterior and inferior gluteal lines)

Insertion: greater trochanter of gemur

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4
Q

Gluteus medius

A

Nerve: Superior gluteal n.

Function: Medial rotation of femr, abductor of femur

Artery: Superior gluteal artery

Origin: ilium (between anterior and posterior gluteal line)

Insertion: greater trochanter of femur (lateral surface)

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5
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Nerve: inferior gluteal n.

Function: Lateral rotation and extension of femur (proximal and distal parts of muscle also contribute to abduction and adduction of femur respectively)

Artery: Superior nd inferior gluteal arteries

Origin: Iium (posterior to posterior gluteal line), sacrum, coccyx sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract

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6
Q

Piriformis

A

Nerve: N. to piriformis (lumbosacral plexus)

Function: Lateral rotation of femur (and abduction of flexed femur)

Artery: Superior and inferior gluteal and lateral sacral arteries

Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum

Insertion: Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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7
Q

What are the lateral rotators of the femur?

A

Superior gemellus

Obturator internus

Inferior gemellus

Quadratus femoris

Also,

Piriformis

Gluteus Maximus

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8
Q

Superior Gemellus

A

Nerve: N. to obturator internus (lumbosacral plexus)

Function: Lateral rotation of femur

Artery: inferior gluteal a.

Origin: Ischial spine

Insertion: Medial surface of the greater trochanter with the obturator internus

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9
Q

Obturator internus

A

Nerve: N. too obturator internus (lumbosacral plexus)

Function: Lateral rotation of femur

Artery: Inferior gluteal artery

Origin: internal surface of obturator foramen and membrane

Insertion: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

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10
Q

Inferior gemellus

A

Nerve: N. to quadratus femoris (lumbosacral plexus)

Function: lateral rotation of femur

Artery: inferior gluteal a.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of the greater trochanter with the Obturator internus tendon

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11
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

Nerve: N. to quadratus femoris (umbosacral plexus)

Function: Lateral rotation of femur

Artery: inferior gluteal a.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Intertrochanterisc crest of femur

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12
Q

What are the muscles that make up the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Biceps femoris

Semimembranous

Semitendinous

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13
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

Nerve: Short head-common fibular branch of sciatic n.

Long head: tibial branch of sciatic n.

Function:

Long head: Extension of the femur and flexion of the leg
Short head: only flexion of the leg

Artery: inferior gluteal, popliteal, and perforating a.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity (long head) and linea aspera (short head)

Insertion: Head of fibula

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14
Q

Semitendenous

A

Nerve: tibial branch of the sciatic n.

Function: Extension of the femur and flexion of the leg

Artery: Inferior gluteal and perforating a.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial surface of procimal tibia

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15
Q

Semimembranous

A

Nerve: tibial branch of the sciatic n.

Function: Extension of the femur and flexion of the leg

Artery: Inferior gluteal and perforating a.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: posterior surface of medial condyle

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16
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

Iliopsoas

Sartorius

Rectus Femoris

Vastus lateralis

Vastus intermdius

Vastus medialis

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17
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Nerve: Femoral n. (iliacus) and also directly from lumbar plexus (psoas major)

Function: flexion of femur

Artery: Medial femoral circumflex a. and iliolumbar a.

Origin: Iliac fossa and vertebrae T12-L5

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur

FUSION OF TWO MUSCLES

(image - part where they fuse)

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18
Q

Sartorius

A

Nerve: Femoral n.

Function: flexion and lateral rotation of femur; flexion of the leg

Artery: femoral a.

Origin: anterior superior iliac spine

Insertion: Proximal medial tibia

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19
Q

Rectus femoris

A

Nerve: Femoral n.

Function: Extension of the leg; flexion of the femur

Artery: Lateral Circumflex femoral a.

Origin: anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Patella and then the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

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20
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

Nerve: Femoral n.

Function: Extension of the leg

Artery: Lateral Circumflex femoral a.

Origin: Greater trochanter, intertrochanteric line, and lateral linea aspera of femur

Insertion: Patella and then tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

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21
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

Nerve: Femoral n.

Function: Extension of the leg

Artery: femoral a.

Origin: Lateral and anterior surface of femur

Insertion: Patella and then tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

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22
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

Nerve: Femoral n.

Function: Extension of the leg

Artery: femoral a.

Origin: medial linea aspea of femur

Insertion: Patella and then tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament

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23
Q

What are the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

Pectineus

Adductor magnus

Adductor longus

Adductor brevis

Gracilis

Obturator externus

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24
Q

Pectinius

A

Nerve: Obturator n. and femoral n.

Funciton: Adduction of femur and flexion of femur

Artery: Obturator a.

Origin: Pectineal line of pelvis

Insertion: Pectineal line of femur

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25
Q

Adductor magnus

A

Nerve: Obturator n. and sciatic n. (tibial branch)

Funciton: Adduction of femur and extension of femur

Artery: deep femoral a.

Origin: Ischiopubic ramus ( adductor head/minimus) and ischial tuberosity (hamstring head(

Insertion: linea aspera and adductor tubercle of femur

26
Q

Adductor longus

A

Nerve: Obturator n.

Funciton: Adduction of femur

Artery: deep femoral a.

Origin: body of pelvis

Insertion: linea aspera of femur

27
Q

Adductor brevis

A

Nerve: Obturator n.

Funciton: Adduction of femur

Artery: deep femoral a.

Origin: body of pelvis

Insertion: pectineal line and linea aspera of femur

28
Q

Gracilis

A

Nerve: Obturator n.

Funciton: Adduction of femur and flexion of leg

Artery: medial circumflex femoral a.

Origin: inferior pubic ramus

Insertion: medial proximal tibia

29
Q

Obturator externus

A

Nerve: Obturator n.

Funciton: Adduction of femur and lateral rotation of femur

Artery: obturator a.

Origin: External surface of obturator foramen and membrane

Insertion: Trochanteric fossa of femur

30
Q

What are the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

31
Q

Fibularis longus

A

Nerve: Superficial fibular n.

Fuction: Eversion and flexion (planterflexion) of foot and support of arches

Artery: fibular a.

Origin: Proximal fibula

Insertion: Metatarsal I and cuneiform

32
Q

Fibularis brevis

A

Nerve: Superficial fibular n.

Fuction: Eversion and flexion (planterflexion) of foot

Artery: fibular a.

Origin: shaft of fibula

Insertion: tubersoity of metatarsal 5

33
Q

What are the muscle of the anterior compartment of leg?

A

fibularis tertius

Extensor digitorium longus

Extensor hallicus longus

Tibialis anteriror

Extensor digitorium brevis

Extensor hallicus brevis

34
Q

fibularis tertius

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foot and eversion of foot
artery: anterior tibial a.

Origin: distal fibula and interosseous membrane

insertion: base of metatarsal 5

35
Q

Extensor digitorium longus

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foot and of (digits 2-5)
artery: anterior tibial a.

Origin: proximal tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane

insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

36
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foot and digit 1 (big toe)
artery: anterior tibial a.

Origin: fibula and anterior of interosseous membrane

insertion: distal phalanx of digit 1

37
Q

Tibialis anterior

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foot, inversion of foot
artery: anterior tibial a.

Origin: lateral shaft of tibia

insertion: Metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform

38
Q

Extensor digitorium brevis

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foor and digits 2-4
artery: dorsalis pedis a.

Origin: calcaneus

insertion: extensor expansion of digits 2-4

39
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A

Nerve: deep fibular n.

function: extension (dorsiflexion) of foot and of digit 1
artery: dorsalis pedis a.

Origin: calcaneus

insertion: Proximal phalanx of digit 1

40
Q

What are the msucles of the posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Poplites

Gastrocnemius

Plantaris

Soleus

Flexor digitorium longus

flexor hallucis longus

Tibialis posterior

41
Q

Popliteus

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Flexion and medial rotation of leg ( if leg is stable - lateral rotation of thigh to unlock the fully locked knee)

Artery: Popliteal a.

Origin: posterior-lateral surface of distal femur

Inseriton: medial posterior surfaace of proximal tibia

42
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Plantar flexion (true flexion) of foot and flexion of the leg

Artery: Sural arteries

Origin: Lateral (lateral head) and medial (medial head) condyles of femur

Inseriton: Calcaneus bone via calcaneal (Achillies tendon)

43
Q

Plantaris

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Plantar flexion (true flexion) of foot and flexion of the leg

Artery: Sural arteries

Origin: LAteral supracondylar ridge of femur

Inseriton: Calcaneus bone via calcaneal (Achillies tendon)

44
Q

Soleus

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Plantar flexion (true flexion) of foot

Artery: Sural arteries

Origin: Proximal fibula and soleal line of tibia

Inseriton: Calcaneus bone via calcaneal (Achillies tendon)

45
Q

Flexor digitorium longus

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Pantar flexion (true flexion) of foot and digits 2-5

Artery: posterior tibial a.

Origin: posterior shaft of tibia

Inseriton: distal phalanges of digits 2-5

46
Q

Flexor hallicus longus

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Pantar flexion (true flexion) of foot and digit 1

Artery: fibular a.

Origin: posterior fibula and interosseous membrane

Inseriton: distal phalanx of digit 1

47
Q

Tibialis posterior

A

Nerve: Tibial n.

Function: Plantar flexion (true flexion) of foot and inversion of foot

Artery: postrior tibial a.

Origin: Posterior tibia and fibula and interosseous membrane

Inseriton: Navicular and medial cuneiform

48
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the foot?

A

Lumbricals 1-4

Abductor hallucis

Flexor hallucis brevis

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Adductor hallucis

Adductor hallicus accessorius

Dorsal interossei 1-4

Plantar interossei 1-3

Flexor digitorium brevis

49
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the foot?

A

Quadratus plantae muscle

50
Q

Lumbricals 1, 2, 3, 4

A

Nerve: Medial plantar n. (lumbrical 1) and lateral plantar n. (lumbrical 2-4)

Funciton: Flexion of proximal and extension of middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Artery: Medial and lateral plantar arteries

Origin: Tendons of flexor digitorium longus

Insertion: Medial extensor expansion of digits 2-5 (middle nad distal phalanges)

51
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Nerve: Medial plantar a.

Function: abduction of proximal phalanx of big toe

Artery: medial plantar a.

Origin: Calcaneus

Inseriton: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe

52
Q

Flexor hallucis brevis

(medial and lateral head)

A

Nerve: Medial plantar n.

Function: Flexion of proximal phalanx of big toe

Artery: Meidal plantar and 1st plantar metarsal arteries

Origin: Cuboid and lateral cuneiform

Inseriton: proximal phalanx of big toe

53
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Helping flexor digitorium longus in flexion of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

Artery: Medial and lateral plantar arteries and plantar arch

Origin: Calcaneus

Inseriton: Tendon of flexor digitorium longus

54
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Abduction proximal phalanx of digit 5

Artery: Mainly lateral plantar a.

Origin: Calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis

Inseriton: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

55
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Flexion of proximal phalanx of digit 5

Artery: Mainly lateral plantar a.

Origin: Base of 5th metatarsal

Inseriton: Base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

56
Q

Adductor hallucis

(transverse and oblique head)

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Adduction of proxximal phalanx

Artery: Mainly lateral plantar a.

Origin: Metatarsal 3 ( onlique head) and metatarsophalangeal ligaments and surrounding structures (transverse head)

Inseriton: Proximal phalanx of big toe

57
Q

Adductor hallucis accessorius

A

Nerve: LAteral plantar n.

Function: weak adduction and/or flexion of proximal phalanx of big toe

Artery: Mainly lateral plantar a.

Origin: Often base of metatarsal 1

Inseriton: Base of proximal phalanx of big toe and surrounding structures

58
Q

Dorsal Interossei 1, 2, 3, 4

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Adduct digit 2 on medial side and digits 2-4 to lateral side respectively

Artery: Lateral tarsal , medial tarsal, plantar, dorsal metatarsal, and dorsal digital arteries

Origin: Metatarsal 1-5

Inseriton: Medial side of proximal phalanx of digit 2 and lateral side of proximal phalanx digit 2-4

59
Q

Plantar interossei 1, 2, 3

A

Nerve: Lateral plantar n.

Function: Adduct digits 3,4, and 5 to medial side

Artery: Lateral tarsal , medial tarsal, plantar, dorsal metatarsal, and dorsal digital arteries

Origin: Metatarsal 3-5

Inseriton: Medial side of proximal phalanx of digits 3-5

60
Q

Flexor digitorium brevis

A

Nerve: Medial plantar n.

Function: Flexion of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

Artery: Medial and lateral lplantar arteries

Origin: Calcaneus

Insertio: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5

S&F 1 (25 decks)

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