Muscles of the Lower Extremity: Gluteal Region

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus Proximal Attachment

Answer 1

External surface of the ilium behind the posterior gluteal line, posterior sacrum, coccyx, and sacrotuberous ligament

Question 2

Gluteus Maximus Distal Attachment

Answer 2

Gluteal tuberosity and IT tract

Question 3

Gluteus Maximus Innervation

Answer 3

Inferior gluteal n. [L5,S1,S2]

Question 4

Gluteus Maximus Action

Answer 4

All fibers:
Extend the hip
Laterally rotate the hip
Upper fibers:
Abduct the hip
Lower fibers:
Adduct the hip

Question 5

Gluteus Medius Proximal Attachment

Answer 5

External surface of the ilium between the anterior and posterior gluteal lines

Question 6

Gluteus Medius Distal Attachment

Answer 6

Greater trochanter

Question 7

Gluteus Medius Innervation

Answer 7

Superior gluteal n. [*L5,S1]

Question 8

Gluteus Medius Action

Answer 8

All fibers:
Abduct the hip
Anterior fibers:
Flex the hip
Medially rotate the hip
Posterior fibers:
Extend the hip
Laterally rotate the hip

Question 9

Gluteus Minimus Proximal Attachment

Answer 9

External surface of ilium between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines

Question 10

Gluteus Minimus Distal Attachment

Answer 10

Anterior border of the greater trochanter

Question 11

Gluteus Minimus Innervation

Answer 11

Superior gluteal n. [*L5,S1]

Question 12

Gluteus Minimus Action

Answer 12

Abducts the hip

Medially rotates the hip

Question 13

Tensor Fascia Lata Proximal Attachment

Answer 13

Anterior iliac crest and ASIS

Question 14

Tensor Fascia Lata Distal Attachment

Answer 14

Illiotibial tract

Question 15

Tensor Fascia Lata Innervation

Answer 15

Superior gluteal n. [*L5,S1]

Question 16

Tensor Fascia Lata Action

Answer 16

Flexes the hip
Medially rotates the hip
Abducts the hip
Assists with:
-Knee extension
-Tibia lateral rotation when the knee is flexed

Question 17

Piriformis Proximal Attachment

Answer 17

Anterior surface of the sacrum

Question 18

Piriformis Distal Attachment

Answer 18

Medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 19

Piriformis Innervation

Answer 19

Nerve to piriformis [*S1,S2]

Question 20

Piriformis Action

Answer 20

Laterally rotates the hip
Assists with:
Hip abduction when the hip is flexed

Question 21

Obturator Internus Proximal Attachment

Answer 21

Medial (Internal) surface of the obturator membrane and surrounding bone

Question 22

Obturator Internus Distal Attachment

Answer 22

Medial surface of the greater trochanter of the femut

Question 23

Obturator Internus Innervation

Answer 23

Nerve to obturator internus [L5,*S1]

Question 24

Obturator Internus Action

Answer 24

Laterally rotates the hip
Assists with:
-Hip abduction when the hip is flexed

Question 25

Superior Gemellus Proximal Attachment

Answer 25

Ischial spine

Question 26

Superior Gemellus Distal Attachment

Answer 26

Greater trochanter of the femur (with obturator internus)

Question 27

Superior Gemellus Innervation

Answer 27

Nerve to obturator internus [L5,*S1]

Question 28

Superior Gemellus Action

Answer 28

Laterally rotates the hip Assists with: -Hip abduction when the hip is flexed

Question 29

Inferior Gemellus Proximal Attachment

Answer 29

Ischial tuberosity

Question 30

Inferior Gemellus Distal Attachment

Answer 30

Greater trochanter of the femur (with obturator internus)

Question 31

Inferior Gemellus Innervation

Answer 31

Nerve to quadratus femoris [L5, S1]

Question 32

Inferior Gemellus Action

Answer 32

Laterally rotates the hip Assists with: -Hip abduction when the hip is flexed

Question 33

Quadratus Femoris Proximal Attachment

Answer 33

Ischial Tuberosity

Question 34

Quadratus Femoris Distal Attachment

Answer 34

Quadrate tubercle of the femur

Question 35

Quadratus Femoris Innervation

Answer 35

Nerve to quadratus femoris [L5, S1]

Question 36

Quadratus Femoris Action

Answer 36

Laterally rotates the hip Assists with: -Hip abduction when the hip is flexed