Muscles of the Back and Craniocervical Regions: Superficial Muscles of the Back Flashcards
Upper Trapezius Proximal Attachment
Medial end of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7
Upper Trapezius Distal Attachment
Lateral end of the clavicle and acromion process
Upper Trapezius Innervation
Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]
Upper Trapezius Action
Rotates scapula upward Elevates the scapula Assists with: -Extension of the head/neck -Lateral flexion of the head/neck -Rotation of the head/neck to the opposite side
Middle Trapezius Proximal Attachment
Spinous processes of T1-5
Middle Trapezius Distal Attachment
Acromion process and spine of scapula
Middle Trapezius Innervation
Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]
Middle Trapezius Action
Adducts the scapula
Lower Trapezius Proximal Attachment
Spinous processes of T6-12
Lower Trapezius Distal Attachment
Spine of scapula
Lower Trapezius Innervation
Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]
Lower Trapezius Action
Rotates scapula upward
Depresses the scapula
Latissimus Dorsi Proximal Attachment
Spinous process of T6-12, thoracolumbar fascia, posterior iliac crest, and lower ribs
Latissimus Dorsi Distal Attachment
Floor of the intertubercular groove of the humberus
Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
Thoracodorsal n. [C6,C7,C8]
Latissimus Dorsi Action
Extends the shoulder Adducts the shoulder Medially rotates the shoulder Depresses the shoulder girdle Assists with: -Extension of the trunk -Lateral flexion of the trunk
Levator Scapulae Proximal Attachment
Transverse processes of C1-4
Levator Scapulae Distal Attachment
Medial border of the scapula between the superior angle and root of the spine
Levator Scapulae Innervation
Dorsal scapular n. [C5]
Ventral rami of spinal nn. [C3,C4]
Levator Scapulae Action
Elevates the scapula Rotates scapula downward Assists with: -Lateral flexion of the head/neck -Extension of the head/neck -Rotation of the head/neck to the same side
Rhomboid Minor Proximal Attachment
Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T1
Rhomboid Minor Distal Attachment
Medial border of the scapula at root of spine
Rhomboid Minor Innervation
Dorsal scapular n. [*C5]
Rhomboid Minor Action
Adducts the scapula
Elevates the scapula
Rotates the scapula downward
Rhomboid Major Proximal Attachment
Spinous process of T2-5
Rhomboid Major Distal Attachment
Medial border of the scapula between the root of the spine and inferior angle
Rhomboid Major Innervation
Dorsal scapular n. [*C5]
Rhomboid Major Action
Adducts the scapula
Elevates the scapula
Rotates the scapula downward
