Muscles of the Back and Craniocervical Regions: Superficial Muscles of the Back

Question 1

Upper Trapezius Proximal Attachment

Answer 1

Medial end of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous process of C7

Question 2

Upper Trapezius Distal Attachment

Answer 2

Lateral end of the clavicle and acromion process

Question 3

Upper Trapezius Innervation

Answer 3

Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]

Question 4

Upper Trapezius Action

Answer 4

Rotates scapula upward
Elevates the scapula
Assists with:
-Extension of the head/neck
-Lateral flexion of the head/neck
-Rotation of the head/neck to the opposite side

Question 5

Middle Trapezius Proximal Attachment

Answer 5

Spinous processes of T1-5

Question 6

Middle Trapezius Distal Attachment

Answer 6

Acromion process and spine of scapula

Question 7

Middle Trapezius Innervation

Answer 7

Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]

Question 8

Middle Trapezius Action

Answer 8

Adducts the scapula

Question 9

Lower Trapezius Proximal Attachment

Answer 9

Spinous processes of T6-12

Question 10

Lower Trapezius Distal Attachment

Answer 10

Spine of scapula

Question 11

Lower Trapezius Innervation

Answer 11

Spinal accessory n. [CN XI]

Question 12

Lower Trapezius Action

Answer 12

Rotates scapula upward

Depresses the scapula

Question 13

Latissimus Dorsi Proximal Attachment

Answer 13

Spinous process of T6-12, thoracolumbar fascia, posterior iliac crest, and lower ribs

Question 14

Latissimus Dorsi Distal Attachment

Answer 14

Floor of the intertubercular groove of the humberus

Question 15

Latissimus Dorsi Innervation

Answer 15

Thoracodorsal n. [C6,C7,C8]

Question 16

Latissimus Dorsi Action

Answer 16

Extends the shoulder
Adducts the shoulder
Medially rotates the shoulder
Depresses the shoulder girdle
Assists with:
-Extension of the trunk
-Lateral flexion of the trunk

Question 17

Levator Scapulae Proximal Attachment

Answer 17

Transverse processes of C1-4

Question 18

Levator Scapulae Distal Attachment

Answer 18

Medial border of the scapula between the superior angle and root of the spine

Question 19

Levator Scapulae Innervation

Answer 19

Dorsal scapular n. [C5]

Ventral rami of spinal nn. [C3,C4]

Question 20

Levator Scapulae Action

Answer 20

Elevates the scapula
Rotates scapula downward
Assists with:
-Lateral flexion of the head/neck
-Extension of the head/neck
-Rotation of the head/neck to the same side

Question 21

Rhomboid Minor Proximal Attachment

Answer 21

Ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of C7-T1

Question 22

Rhomboid Minor Distal Attachment

Answer 22

Medial border of the scapula at root of spine

Question 23

Rhomboid Minor Innervation

Answer 23

Dorsal scapular n. [*C5]

Question 24

Rhomboid Minor Action

Answer 24

Adducts the scapula
Elevates the scapula
Rotates the scapula downward

Question 25

Rhomboid Major Proximal Attachment

Answer 25

Spinous process of T2-5

Question 26

Rhomboid Major Distal Attachment

Answer 26

Medial border of the scapula between the root of the spine and inferior angle

Question 27

Rhomboid Major Innervation

Answer 27

Dorsal scapular n. [*C5]

Question 28

Rhomboid Major Action

Answer 28

Adducts the scapula
Elevates the scapula
Rotates the scapula downward