Muscles of the Gluteal Region

Question 1

O/I of psoas major

Answer 1

Origin- transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae + T12

Insert- lesser trochanter of the femur, medial to the insertion of the iliacus

Question 2

innervation of psoas major

Answer 2

lumbar plexus L2-L3

Question 3

function of psoas major

Answer 3

flexor at the hip

flexor of the lumbar spine

Question 4

O/I of psoas minor

Answer 4

(inconstant muscle found on the anterior surface of the psoas major)
Origin- T12 and L1 vertebrae
insertion- iliac fascia

Question 5

innervation of psoas minor

Answer 5

first lumbar nerve

Question 6

function of psoas minor

Answer 6

flexion of lumbar spine

Question 7

O/I of iliacus

Answer 7

origin- upper 2/3 of iliac fossa; iliac crest reachin ASIS and AIIS, superolateral portion of sacrum and from the anterior sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments

insertion- lesser trochanter of the femur

Question 8

what structures attach to the lesser trochanter of the femur?

Answer 8

psoas major- more medial
iliacus
(together, it is the iliopsoas)

Question 9

innervation of the iliacus

Answer 9

femoral nerve

Question 10

action of the iliacus

Answer 10

flexion at the hip

Question 11

O/I of gluteus maximus

Answer 11

origin- posterior gluteal line of the ilium and the bone superior and posterior to it; sacrotuberous ligament; aponeurosis of the sacrospinalis muscle

inserts- gluteal tuberosity (deep fibers) and IT band (proximal and superficial fibers)

Question 12

innervation of gluteus maximus

Answer 12

inferior gluteal nerve (L5-S2)

Question 13

function of gluteus maximus

Answer 13

extend, laterally rotates and abducts the thigh at the hip

Question 14

O/I gluteus medius

Answer 14

origin- in between the posterior gluteal line and the anterior gluteal line
insertion- oblique bony ridge on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter

Question 15

innervation of gluteus medius

Answer 15

superior gluteal nerve

Question 16

function of gluteus medius

Answer 16

abductor of thigh
medially rotates an extended hip
stabilizes pelvis during locomotion

Question 17

what lies in between the gluteus medius and minimus?

Answer 17

superior gluteal nerve

and the deep branches of the superior gluteal artery and veins

Question 18

O/I of gluteus minimus

Answer 18

origin- in btwn the anterior and ifnerior gluteal lines and from the edge of the greater sciatic notch

insertion- anterior border of greater trochanter

Question 19

innervation of gluteus minimus

Answer 19

superior gluteal nerve

Question 20

the superior gluteal nerve innervates which gluteal muscles?

Answer 20

gluteus medius and minimus

*note that the gluteus maximus is innervated by INFERIOR gluteal nerve

Question 21

function of gluteus minimus

Answer 21

abductor at the hip
medially rotates an extended hip (and is a weak hip flexor)
stabilizes the pelvis during locomotion

Question 22

O/I of tensor fascia latae

Answer 22

origin- anterior end of the iliac crest near the ASIS

insertion- IT band

Question 23

innervation of tensor fascia latae

Answer 23

superior gluteal nerve

Question 24

function of tensor fascia latae

Answer 24

hip flexor and medial rotator

Question 25

O/I of piriformis

Answer 25

origin- anterior surface of the sacrum btwn the 1st-4th sacral foramina
insertion- superior border of the greater trochanter, posterior to the common tendon of the obturator internus and gemelli

Question 26

innervation of piriformis

Answer 26

2nd or 1st and 2nd sacral nerves

Question 27

action of piriformis

Answer 27

lateral rotator, abductor of a flexed hip

assists in extension at the hip

Question 28

O/I of obturator internus

Answer 28

origin- inside surface fo the superior and inferior pubic rami, the ischial ramus, the ilial and ischial contributions to the wall of the true pelvis and the obturator mb

insertion- medial surface of the greater trochanter of femur

Question 29

innervation of obturator internus

Answer 29

nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1,2)

Question 30

function of obturator internus

Answer 30

lateral rotator, extensor of the hip

abducts a flexed hip

Question 31

the superior and inferior gemelli lie on either side of what muscle?

Answer 31

obturator internus

Question 32

O/I of superior gemellus

Answer 32

origin- outer surface of the ischial spine

insertion- medial surface of greater trochanter

Question 33

innervation of superior gemellus?

Answer 33

nerve to obturator internus

Question 34

function of superior gemellus

Answer 34

lateral rotator of the hip

Question 35

O/I of inferior gemellus

Answer 35

origin- upper (superomedial) part of the ischial tuberosity

insertion- medial surface of greater trochanter

Question 36

innervation of inferior gemellus

Answer 36

nerve to quadratus femoris

Question 37

function of inferior gemelus

Answer 37

lateral rotator of hip

Question 38

what muscle is found in between the ifnerior gemellus and the upper fibers of teh adductor magnus?

Answer 38

quadratus femoris

Question 39

O/I of quadratus femoris

Answer 39

origin- lateral edge of ischial tuberosity

insertion- linea quadrata and quadrate tubercle of the femur

Question 40

innervation of quadratus femoris

Answer 40

nerve to quadratus femoris (L4-S1)

Question 41

what nerve roots is nerve to quadratus femoris?

Answer 41

L4-S1

Question 42

function of quadratus femoris?

Answer 42

adducts and laterally rotates the hip

Question 43

O/I of obturator externus?

Answer 43

origin-ischium and pubis which surround the medial margin of the obturator foramen and from the obturator mb
insertion- trochanteric fossa of the femur

Question 44

innervation of obturator externus

Answer 44

posterior division of the obturator nerve

Question 45

function of obturator externus

Answer 45

adducts and laterally rotates the hip