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Anatomy of the Leg > Arteries and Veins > Flashcards

Arteries and Veins Flashcards

1
Q

What are the terminal branches of the popliteal artery? and which is the smaller of the two?

A

anterior tibial artery- smaller

posterior tibial artery

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2
Q

the anterior tibial artery passes anteriorly thru which muscle to reach teh anterior part of the leg?

A

passes btwn the 2 heads of the tibialis posterior muscle and thru an opening in the IO mb to the anterior part of the leg

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3
Q

What are the branches of the anterior tibial artery?

A 
posterior tibial recurrent
anterior tibial recurrent
circumflex fibular
anterior medial malleolar
anterior lateral malleolar
muscular branches
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4
Q

what artery is usually the first branch of the anterior tibial artery?

A

posterior tibial recurrent a.

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5
Q

what does the posterior tibial recurrent a. anastomose with?

A

inferior genicular branches to take part in the genicular anastomoses

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6
Q

what % of the time does the circumflex fibular arise from the anterior tibial a.? what about from the posterior tibial a.?

A

from anterior tibial a. - 40%

from posteiror tibial a.- 32%

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7
Q

what are the branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A
  1. muscular
  2. peroneal artery
  3. nutrient artery to the tibia
  4. posterior medial malleolar
  5. communicating br. with communicating br. of peroneal artery
  6. medial calcaneal
  7. medial plantar
  8. lateral plantar
  9. circumflex fibular*
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8
Q

posterior tibial artery supplies what muscular branches?

A

to FHL, peroneus longus and brevis, tibialis posterior and soleus muscles

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9
Q

what are the deep veins of the leg?

A
  • posterior tibial
  • anterior tibial
  • popliteal
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10
Q

what are the superficial veins of the leg?

A
  • small (lesser) saphenous vein

- great saphenous vein

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11
Q

how many valves does the great saphenous? and lesser saphenous vein have?

A

great saphenous vein- 10 to 20 valves

small saphenous vein- 9 to 12 valves

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12
Q

Where do the lymphatic vessels of the leg drain into?

A

anterior tibial lymph node

popliteal lymph node

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13
Q

Where does the anterior tibial node receive lymph from?

A

anterior tibial vessels

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14
Q

the anterior tibial node sends efferents to where?

A

popliteal lymph nodes

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15
Q

where do superficial lymph vessels that course with the great saphenous vein drain into?

A

superficial inguinal nodes

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16
Q

Where do lymphatics that course with the small saphenous vein drain into?

A

popliteal nodes

17
Q

Where do the deep lymphatic vessels of the dorsalis pedis and anterior tibial drain?

A

anterior tibial nodes

18
Q

where do the deep lymphatic vessels of the medial and lateral plantar drain?

A

popliteal

19
Q

where do the deep lymphatic vessels of posterior tibial and peroneal drain?

A

popliteal

20
Q

where do the deep lymphatic vessels of the femoral and deep femoral drain?

A

deep inguinal

21
Q

In the popliteal fossa, describe the relationship of the popliteal artery to other structures.

A

anteriorly- it lies against the capsule of the joint

posteriorly- it is deep to the semimembranosus muscle, popliteal vein, tibial nerve, and gastrocnemius muscle

22
Q

Name teh 10 branches of the popliteal artery.

A
  1. cutaneous
  2. muscular
  3. medial superior genicular
  4. lateral superior genicular
  5. medial inferior genicular
  6. lateral inferior genicular
  7. middle genicular
  8. posterior tibial
  9. anterior tibial
  10. sural (medial & lateral)
23
Q

How many genicular arteries are give off by the popliteal artery to supply the knee joint?

A

5: medial/lateral superior genicular & medial/lateral inferior genicular & middle genicular

24
Q

What do the medial and lateral sural arteries supply?

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, and plantaris muscles

25
Q

cutaneous branches of the popliteal artery supply what?

A

superficial structures of the posterior part of the leg

26
Q

muscular branches of the popliteal artery supply what?

A

addcutor magnus and hamstring muscles

27
Q

what do the medial and lateral superior genicular arteries supply?

A

they wind around the superior aspect of the femoral condyles and reach the anterior side of the knee to help form the collateral circulation around the knee

28
Q

what does the middle genicular artery supply?

A

enters the knee joint to supply the ACL and PCL

29
Q

what does the medial and lateral inferior genicular arteries supply?

A

passes below MCL to supply the tibia and the knee joint

*the lateral infeior genicular a. travels laterally superior to the head of the fibula

30
Q

what vessels take part in the genicular anastomosis?

A
  1. descending genicular artery
  2. medial and lateral superior genicular arteries
  3. medial and lateral inferieor genicular arteries
  4. descending branch of the lateral femoral circumflex a.
  5. anterior and posterior tibial recurrent a.
  6. circumflex fibular a.
31
Q

where does the anterior tibial artery begin and end?

A

begins at the inferior border of the popliteus muscle and ends at the ankle joint, midway btwn the medial and lateral malleoli where it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery

32
Q

What does the circumflex fibular artery supply?

A

(br. of anterior tibial a.)

ramifies around the neck of the fibula to supply the soleus and peroneus longus

33
Q

describe the course of the peroneal arery.

A

(largest br. of the posterior tibial a.) takes origin from the posterior tibial a. about 2cm distal to the inferior border of the popliteus muscle and travels inferiorly along the medial side of the fibula.

34
Q

what branches does the peroneal artery give off?

A

lateral calcaneal branches and

posterior lateral malleolar branches

35
Q

what is one of the 1st branches of the posterior tibial artery?

A

nutrient artery to the tibia that enters the nutrient foramen
(originates just inferior to the bifuracation of the popliteal)

36
Q

where do the posterior medial malleolar and posterior lateral malleolar arteries arise from?

A

posterior medial malleolar a. (from posterior tibial a.)

posterior lateral malleol a. (from peroneal a.)

37
Q

what does teh communicating branch off posterior tibial a. connect?

A

travels laterally deep to the FHL to join with the communicating branch of the peroneal a.

Anatomy of the Leg (12 decks)

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