Muscles of Mastication

Question 1

The muscles of the face are most important in terms of _________, which is divided into __ phases, the ______ phase, _________ phase, and _________ phase.

The __________ phase is the most critical for a ______ _______

Biological and non biological functions for muscles of the face include ________, ________ expression, and _________

Answer 1

The muscles of the face are most important in terms of swallowing, which is divided into 3 phases, the oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase.

The pharyngeal phase is the most critical for a safe swallow

Biological and non biological functions for muscles of the face include eating, facial expression, and speech

Question 2

The _______ is the only _______ bone in the face, it’s biological function is ________. It can be ________, depressed, or _________ (side to side). It can also be _________ or ________.

Answer 2

The mandibe is the only moveable bone in the face, it’s biological function is chewing. It can be elevated, depressed, or lateralized (side to side). It can also be protruded or retracted.

Question 3

Name the 3 muscles of mandibular elevation.

_________

_________

medial _________

These muscles are important for __________

Answer 3

Name the 3 muscles of mandibular elevation.

temporalis

masseter

medial pterygoid

These muscles are important for mastication

Question 4

Temporalis is a mandibular ________. It arises from the temporal _______, the fibers ________ and go under the ________ arch to insert on the ________ process of the _________

Answer 4

Temporalis is a mandibular elevator. It arises from the temporal fossa, the fibers converge, go under the zygomatic arch to insert on the coronoid process of the mandible

Question 5

Masseter has __ layers, is a mandibular ________ and the ________ muscle in the body per square inch. Human jaws are strong enough to crack ______.

The external layer arises from the _________ border of ________ bone, courses inferiorly and inserts on the _______ of the __________ and lateral surface of the ______.

The internal layer arises from the ________ surface of _________ bone and inserts on the _______ as well as the ________ process

Answer 5

Masseter has 2 layers, is a mandibular elevator and the strongest muscle in the body per square inch. Human jaws are strong enough to crack bone.

The external layer arises from the inferior border of zygomatic bone, courses inferiorly and inserts on the angle of the mandible and lateral surface of the ramus.

The internal layer arises from the medial surface of zygomatic bone and inserts on the ramus as well as the coronoid process

Question 6

Medial pterygoid is a mandibular ________. It arises from the ________ plate of the ________ bone and inserts on the medial aspect of the __________ at the angle. This muscle is important for ________.

Answer 6

Medial pterygoid is a mandibular elevator. It arises from the pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone and inserts on the medial aspect of the mandible at the angle. This muscle is the most important for speech.

Question 7

Name the 4 muscles of mandibular depression.

________ ________

___________

____________

_________ ________ of __________

These muscles are important for _________ the jaw.

Answer 7

Name the 4 muscles of mandibular depression.

Lateral pterygoid

Mylohyoid

Geniohyoid

Anterior Belly of Digastricus

These muscles are important for lowering the jaw.

Question 8

Lateral pterygoid arises from the _________ plate, and inserts on the anterior surface of the _________ process.

Contraction pulls the _________ process _________ to _______ the jaw (palpable)

Answer 8

Lateral pterygoid arises from the pterygoid plate, and inserts on the anterior surface of the condyloid process.

Contraction pulls the condyloid process forward to open the jaw (palpable)

Question 9

Mylohyoid forms the floor of the mouth. Originates from medial border of mandible at the ________ _______, courses medially and inferiorly to the ________ bone, creating a ________. Inserts on a tendonous slip called a ________ ________.

Geniohyoid originates at the _________, runs straight back and down to insert on the _________ bone. It is above the _________

Anterior belly of digastricus originates at the ________ (middle of chin) courses laterally and inferiorly and inserts on the greater cornu, held by the __________ tendon

Together, these muscles assist mandibular __________.

Answer 9

Mylohyoid forms the floor of the mouth. Originates from medial border of mandible at the mylohyoid line, courses medially and inferiorly to the hyoid bone, creating a trough. Inserts on a tendonous slip called a midline raphe.

Geniohyoid originates at the symphasis, runs straight back and down to insert on the hyoid bone. It is above the mylohyoid

Anterior belly of digastricus originates at the symphysis (middle of chin) courses laterally and inferiorly and inserts on the greater cornu, held by the intermediate tendon

Together, these muscles assist mandibular depression