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Semester 3 > Muscles of Hip and Leg > Flashcards

Muscles of Hip and Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

O: Posterior illeum, sacrum and coccyx
I: Gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract
A: Extends the thigh and laterally rotates
I: Inferior gluteal nerve

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2
Q

Gluteus medius

A

O: posterior ileum
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at hip joint
I: Superior gluteal nerve

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3
Q

Gluteus minimus

A

O: Ilium
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Abduction and medial rotation
I: Superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

Tensor fascia lata

A

O: anterior iliac crest
I: Iliotibial tract
A: Abduction and medial rotation
I: Superior gluteal nerve

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5
Q

Piriformis

A

O: Anterior surface of sacrum
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Lateral rotation and abduction
I: Nerve to piriformis

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6
Q

Obturator internus

A

O: Pubis and Ischium at obturator foramen
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Lateral rotation and abduction
I: Nerve to obturator externus

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7
Q

Quadratus femoris

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Quadrate tuberosity on Intertrochanteric crest
A: Lateral rotation
I: Nerve to quadratus femoris

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8
Q

Superior Gemelli

A

O: Ischial spine
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Lateral rotation and abduction
I: Nerve to obturator internus

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9
Q

Inferior gemelli

A

O: Ischial tuberosity
I: Greater trochanter of femur
A: Lateral rotation and abduction
I: Nerve to Quadratus femoris

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10
Q

What divides the glut into superior and inferior regions

A

Piriformis

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11
Q

What muscle does the sciatic nerve exit directly inferior to

A

Piriformis muscle

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12
Q

What are the anterior thigh muscles

A

Iliopsoas
Quadriceps femoris:
- Vastus Lateralis
- Vastus Intermedius
- Vastus Medialis
- Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Pectineus

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13
Q

Iliopsoas

A

O: Psoas major originates at lumbar vertebrae, iliacus originated from iliac fossa
I: Lesser trochanter of femur
A: Flexes thigh at hip joint
I: psoas major innervated by anterior rami of L1-L3, iliacus by femoral nerve

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14
Q

Vastus lateralis

A

O: Greater trochanter of femur
I: Quadriceps tendon
A: Knee extension
I: Femoral nerve

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15
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

O: Anterolateral femur
I: Quadriceps tendon
A: Knee extension
I: Femoral nerve

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16
Q

Vastus Medialis

A

O: Interochanteric line
I: Quadriceps tendon
A: Knee extension
I: Femoral nerve

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17
Q

Rectus femoris

A

O: AIIS (Anterior inferior iliac spine)
I: Patella via quadriceps tendon
A: Knee extension & Hip flexion
I: Femoral nerve

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18
Q

Sartorius

A

O: ASIS (Anterior superior iliac spine)
I: Medial tibia
A: Hip and knee flexion
I: Femoral nerve

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19
Q

Pectineus

A

O: Pectineal line of pubis
I: Pectineal line of femur
A: Adduction and flexion at hip
I: Femoral nerve

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20
Q

What nerve supplies all muscles of anterior compartment of thigh except one muscle and name it

A

Femoral nerve supples all muscles in anterior thigh except psoas major which is innervated by anterior rami of L1-L3

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21
Q

Borders and floor or femoral triangle

A

Superior border: Inguinal ligament
Lateral border: Sartorius
Medial border: Adductor longus
Floor: Pectineus, Iliopsoas
Roof: Fascia Lata

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22
Q

Contents of femoral triangle

A

Femoral nerve
Femoral artery
Femoral vein
Deep inguinal lymph nodes
Empty space (Femoral canal)

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23
Q

What are the muscles in the medial compartment of thigh

A

Adductor Magnus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor longus
Obturator Externus
Gracilis

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24
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

Comprised of two components:
- Adductor part (Ad)
- Hamstring (H)
O: Adductor originates Ischial rami
I: Adductor inserts into Linea aspera

O: Hamstring originates Ischial tuberosity
I: Hamstring inserts adductor tubercle

A: Adduction, flexion and extension of thigh
I: Obturator nerve

25
Adductor Brevis
O: Pubis I: Linea aspera A: Adduction I: Obturator nerve
26
Adductor longus
O: body of pubis and inferior pubic rami I: Linea aspera A: Adduction I: Obturator nerve
27
Obturator externus
O: Obturator foramen membrane I: Greater trochanter A: Adduction I: Obturator nerve
28
Gracilis
O: Inferior pubic ramus I: Medial tibia A: Adduction I: Obturator nerve
29
What nerve innervates the medial compartment of thigh
Obturator nerve
30
Muscles in posterior thigh muscles
Semitendinosus Semimembranosus Biceps Femoris
31
Semitendinosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Medial tibia A: Knee flexion, medial rotation, leg and thigh extension I: Sciatic nerve
32
Semimembranosus
O: Ischial tuberosity I: medial tibial condyle A: knee flexion, thigh extension I: Sciatic nerve
33
Biceps femoris (long head)
O: Ischial tuberosity I: Head of fibula A: Knee flexion I: Sciatic nerve
34
Biceps femoris (short head)
O: Linea aspera I: Head of fibula A: Knee flexion I: Sciatic nerve
35
What nerve innervates posterior compartment of thigh
Sciatic nerve
36
Main action of anterior compartment of thigh
Knee extension
37
Main action of medial compartment of thigh
Hip adduction
38
Main action of posterior compartment of thigh
Thigh extension and leg flexion
39
Popliteal fossa borders
Superomedial - Semimembranosus Superolateral - Biceps femoris Inferomedial - Medial head of gastrocnemius Inferolateral - Lateral head of gastrocnemius
40
Contents of popliteal fossa
- Popliteal artery - Popliteal vein - Tibial nerve - Common fibular nerve Small sphenoid vein empties into popliteal vein
41
Muscles of anterior compartment of lower leg, what they’re supplied by and function
Tibialis anterior Extensor Digitorum longus Extensor Hallucis longus Fibularis Tertius Innervated: Deep fibular nerve Dorsiflex and invert foot
42
Muscles of lateral compartment of lower leg, what they’re supplied by and function
Fibularis Longus Fibularis Brevis Innervated: superficial fibular nerve Action: the Fibularis longus plantar flexes and both of them evert the foot
43
Muscles of superficial posterior compartment of lower leg, what they’re supplied by and function
Gastrocnemius Plantaris Soleus Innervated by tibial nerve Action: Plantarflex and flex knee (except soleus doesn’t flex knee)
44
Muscles of deep posterior compartment of lower leg, what they’re supplied by and function
Popliteus Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Innervated by tibial nerve Action: the flexors flex the toes, tibialis posterior plantar flexes foot and popliteus unlocks the knee by laterally rotating the femur to allow knee flexion
45
2 muscles that flex the thigh (lifting thigh forward)
Iliopsoas Rectus femoris
46
2 muscles that extend the thigh (moving thigh backwards)
Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings like biceps femoris
47
2 muscles that abduct the thigh
Gluteus medius Gluteus minimus
48
2 muscles that adduct the thigh
Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus
49
2 muscles that medially rotate the thigh
Gluteus minimus/medius Tensor fascia lata
50
2 muscles that laterally rotate the thigh
Obturator externus Piriformis
51
2 muscles that flex leg (bending the knee)
Hamstrings (Semitendinosus) Gastrocnemius
52
2 muscles that extend leg (straightening the knee)
Vastus lateralis Rectus femoris
53
2 muscles that dorsiflex foot
Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus
54
2 muscles that plantarflex foot
Gastrocnemius Soleus
55
2 muscles that invert foot
Tibialis posterior Tibialis anterior
56
2 muscles that evert foot
Fibularis Longus Fibularis Brevis
57
2 muscles that curl toes downwards
Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus
58
2 muscles that lift toes upwards
Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus
59
Where do most hamstring muscles originate
Ischial tuberosity

Semester 3 (13 decks)

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