Muscles functions/origins/insertions/innervations Flashcards
what is the main function of the ILS muscles?
extension of the spine
what is the innervation of serratus posterior inferior?
anterior rami of intercostal nerve T9-T12
anconceus
o: lateral epicondyle of humerus
i: olecranon of ulna
brachialis
o: Anterior shaft of the humerus
i: Ulnar tuberosity
subscapularis
o: subscapular fossa
i: lesser tubercle of the humerus
what is the main fct of the biceps brachii?
supination
flexion of the elbow joint
what innervated the sternocleidomastoid?
spinal accessory nerve
rectus abdominus OI
O: Public crest/superior public ramus
i: Costal cartilage of ribs V-VII
Xiphoid process
infraspinatus
o: Infraspinous fossa of the scapula
i: middle facet of greater tubercle
external oblique
o: Ribs V-XII
i: linea alba, anterior hip bone
Longus Colli
O
I
FCT
o: vertebral bodies
i: TPs of the cervical vertebrae
fct: flexion of the cervical spine
sternocleidomastoid
OI?
o: manubrium and sternum, medial clavicle
i: mastoid process of the skull
Longus Capitis
O
I
FCT
O: TP oc cervical vertebrae
I occipital bone
FCT: flexion of the head
what is the OI of Serratus posterior inferior?
o: Thoracolumbar fascia
SPs of TXI-LII
i: ribs 9-12
Levator scapulae
OI
o: TPs of CI-CIV
I: Superiomedial boarder of the scapula
fct of pectoalis major about the GH?
GH flexion, adduction and medial rotation
function of latissimus dorsi about the GH joint?
extension, adduction and medial rotation
deltoid
O: Horseshoe (clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula)
I: deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
External intercostal muscle
OI
o: inferior surface of rib
i: superior surface of rib below
OI pectoralis major
o: clavicular and sternal heads
i: lateral lip of the intertibercular goove to the humerus
Rectus capitis major
OI and function
o: SP of C2
i: occuipital bone
fct: Extension & ipsilateral rotation of head
obliquus capitis inferior
OI and fct?
o: SP C2
i: TP C1
fct: ipsilateral rotation of the neck
Scalenes
O
I
FCT
o: TP of cervical vertebrae
i: rib 1 (anterior or middle)
rib 2 (posterior)
Flexor Pollicis Longus
o: Radius, Interosseous membrane
i: Base of 1st distal Phalanx (thumb)
fct: Flexion of the wrist, MCP, PIP & DIP of the thumb
what extrinsic muscle of the back is responsible for the depression of the ribs?
Serratus posterior inferior
obliquus capitis superior
OI and fct?
o: TP of atlas
I: occipital bone
fct: Extension & ipsilateral lateral flexion of the head
transversus thoracis
OI?
o: sternum and xiphoid process
i: inner surface of costal cartilage of ribs 2-6
psoas major
o: T12
i: L5
what are the muscles of the intrinsic back divided?
into 3 groups
ILS muscles
transversospinal muscles
minor deep muscles
internal oblique
o: Thoracolumbar fascia
Anterior hip bone
i: Ribs X-XII
Linea Alba
what movement is accomplished by sternocleidomastoid?
Bilateral extension of the head at the atlanto-occipital joint & flexion of the cervical spine
Unilateral: contralateral rotation, ipsilateral lateral flexion
Flexor Digitorum Profundus (FDP
o: Ulna, Interosseous membrane
i: 4 tendons to the base of distal Phalanx of digits II-V fct: Flexion of the wrist, MCP, PIP, DIP
movement accomplished by the deltoid at the GH joint?
GH flexion/extension, abduction and lateral rotation
what are the anterior muscles of the neck?
Rectus capitis lateralis Rectus capitis anterior Longus Capitis longus colli scalenes
transversis abdominis
o: Ribs VII-XII Thoracolumbar fascia Anterior hip bone i: Linea Alba, Public tubercle
flexor digitorum superficialis
OI/FCT
o: Medial epicondyle , head and proximal 1/3 of radius
i: 4 tendons that split on sides of middle phalanx of digits II-V
fct: Flexion of the wrist, MCP, PIP
what extrinsic muscle of the back is responsible for the elevation of the ribs?
Serratus posterior superior
innervation of latissimus dorsi?
thoracodorsal nerve
C6-C8
what is the innervation of serratus posterior superior?
anterior rami of intercostal nerve T1-T4
what anterior muscles act on the scapulothoracic joint?
pectoralis minor
subclavius
serratus anterior
splenius cervicis OI?
o: SPs of TIII-TVI
i: TPs of CI-CIV
flexor carpi radialis
i and fct?
i: metacrpals 2-3
fct: flexion and R.D. of the hand at the wrist
flexor carpi ulnaris
i and fct?
i: pisiform, hammate and Metacarpal 5
fct: flexion and U.D of the hand at wrist
what is the OI of Serratus posterior superior?
o: Ligamentum of nuchae
SPs of CVII-TIII
i: ribs 1-4
fct of coracobrachialis?
flexion of arm at GH
movement done by subscapularis about GH joint?
medial rotation
functions of the trapezius about the scapula?
- Upper fibers: elevation of the scapula
- Middle fibers: retraction of the scapula & upward rotation of the scapula during abduction of the arm
- Lower fibers: depression of the scapula & upward rotation of the scapula during abduction of the arm
Rectus capitis minor
OI and function
o: posterior tubercle of atlas
i: occipital bone
fct: Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of C1)
what is the innervation of scalenes?
anterior rami C3-C8
what are the muscles of the superficial layer of the fore arm?
pronator teres
flexor carpi radialis
palmaris longus
flexor carpi ulnaris
teres major
o: Lateral inferior border of the scapula
i: Medial lip of intertubercular groove
what is the particularity about the Transversospinal muscles of the back?
they all originate on a TP and insert on a SP
innervation of trapezius
spinal accessory nerve
what innervates the splenius capitis
Posterior rami of spinal nerves C3-C4
intertransversari fct?
ipsilateral rotation of the vertebral column
what is the primary function of the transversospinal muscles?
contralateral rotation of the spine
function of the splenius muscles?
Bilateral: extension of the head
Unilateral: Ipsilateral rotation of the head and lateral flexion
what are the posterior muscles that act on GH joint?
teres minor deltoid supraspinatus infraspinatus teres major
pronator quadratus (deeo)
o: Anterior Distal Ulna
i: Anterior Distal radius
fctL pronation
Rectus capitis anterior
O
I
FCT
O TP of C2
I midline of occipital bone
FCT: lateral flexion of the head, stabilizes the head
function of levator scapulae about Scapula?
elevation of the scapula and downwards rotation
intertransversari
OI?
o: TP of cervical and lumbar
i: TP of vertebrae above
what is the innervation of the posterior intrinsic muscles?
Posterior rami of the cervical spinal nerve
triceps brachii
o: Long head Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Lateral head Posterior humerus
Medial head Posterior humerus
i: olecranon of ulna
what movement is accomplished by pec minor?
depression of scapula
slight protraction
pronator teres
i and fct?
insertion: Proximal radius
fct: pronation forearm
what are the 3 transversospinal muscles and give their respective IO?
semispinalis: from the TP of the cervical and traverse vertebrae to the SP 4-6 vertebrae levels above
multifidis: TP of thoracolumbar region and inserts on the S2 2-4 levels above
rotatores: TP of the thoracic region with SP 1-2 Vertebrae levels above
movement accomplished by teres minor
Lateral rotation of the arm at GH joint
splenius capitis
OI?
o: Ligamentum Nuchae
SPs of CVII-TIII
i: mastoid process
movement accomplished by infraspinatus
Lateral rotation of the arm at GH joint
quadratus lumborum
o: Ribs XII
TP of lumbar vertebrae
i: illiac crest
supinator
i: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
o: Proximal radius fct: Supination
Trapezius
OI
o: SP of CVII-TXII
Skull
Ligamentof nuchae
i: Horseshoe
brachioradialis
o: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
i: Styloid process of the radius
what are the extrinsic muscles of the back?
superficial: latissimus dorsi and trapezius
2nd layer: rhomboids and levator scapulae
3rd: serratus posterior inferior and superior
palmaris longus
i and fct?
i: palmar aponeurosis
fct: limited flexion of the wrist
interspinalis
OI?
o: SP of one vertebrae
i: SP of vertebrae above
movement accomplished by teres major
Extension, adduction and medial rotation of GH joint
serratus anterior?
o: lat. border of ribs 1-8
i: anteromedial border of the scapula
coracobrachialis
o: coracoid process
i: anterior shaft of humerus
interspinalis function?
extension of the spine
what is the common origin of the superficial muscles of the anterior forearm?
medial epicondyle of the humerus
teres minor
o: lateral inferior border of scapula
i: inferior facet of the greater tubercle
levatores costarum
OI?
O: TPs CVII-TXI
i: Upper border of rib below
what movement is accomplished by subclavius?
depression of the clavicle
Rectus capitis lateralis
O
I
FCT
O: TP of Atlas
I: occipital bone
FCT: Lateral flexion of the head
Stabilizes head
what are the ILS muscles?
illiocostalis
longissimus
spinalis
what is the common fct of the posterior muscles of the arm?
extension at the elbow joint
what are the posterior muscles of the abdominal walls?
quadratus lumborum
psoas minor
psoas major
illiacus
levatores costarum FUNCTION?
Rib elevation (primary) Ipsilateral, lateral flexion of vertebral column, slightly (secondary)
movement accomplished by supraspinatus
Initiation of arm abduction at the GH joint (~ 30 degrees)
what are the superficial muscles of the neck?
splenius capitis
splenius cervicis
sternocleidomastoid
Latissimus dorsi
OI
O: Thoraco lumbar fascia
Thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
sacrum
Iliac crest
I: Intertubercular groove of the humerus
fct of the serratus anterior?
depression of the scapula, scapular winging
pectoralis minor
o: Ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula
What anterior muscles act on GH joint?
Pectoralis major
deltoid
subscapularis
What are the anterior muscles of the abdominal wall?
rectus abdominus external oblique internal oblique transversis abdominis diaphragm
Internal intercostal/ innermost intercostal
OI?
o: superior surface of the inferior rib
i: inferior surface of rib of the rib above
subclavius
o: 1st Rib & costal cartilage
i: inferior surface of clavicle
psoas minor
o: t12-l1
i: public bone
what muscles compose the anterior compartment of the arm?
bicep brachii
coracobrachialis
brachialais
what movement can be accomplished by external oblique, internal oblique?
external: contralateral rotation of the trunk
internal: ipsilateral rotation of the trunk
biceps brachii
o: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Short head: coracoid process of the scapula
i: Radial tuberosity and bicpital aponeusosis
what muscle is innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve?
Levator scapulae
C4-C6
what innervates the posterior sub occipital muscles of the skull?
Suboccipital nerve (posterior ramus of C1)
supraspinatus
o: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula
i: Superior facet of the greater tubercle
what muscles compose the minor deep group?
interspinalis
intertransversari
levator costarum
what movement can be done by brachialis?
flexion of the forearm at elbow joint
what are the posterior sub occipital muscles of the skulll?
rectus capitis posterior minor/major
obliquus capitis inferior./superior
