Muscles and their functions

Question 1

Frontalis (facial muscle)

Answer 1

raises eyebrows

Question 2

Orbicularis oculi

Answer 2

closes eyes, squints, blinks, winks

facial muscle

Question 3

Orbicularis oris

Answer 3

closes mouth and portrudes the lips

facial muscle

Question 4

Buccinator

Answer 4

flattens the cheeks, chews

facial muscle

Question 5

Zygomaticus )

Answer 5

raises corners of the mouth

facial muscle

Question 6

Masseter

Answer 6

Closes jaw and elevates mandible

chewing muscles

Question 7

Temporalis

Answer 7

synergest of the masseter, closes jaw

chewing muscles

Question 8

Platysma (neck muscles)

Answer 8

Platysma – pulls the corners of the mouth inferiorly

Question 9

Sternocleidomastoid (neck muscles)

Answer 9

flexes the neck, rotates the head

Question 10

Pectoralis major

Answer 10

Pectoralis major - adducts and flexes the humerus

Question 11

Intercostal muscles –

Answer 11

Intercostal muscles – movement of rib cage for breathing

Question 12

Rectus abdominis

Answer 12

Rectus abdominis - flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal contents (defecation, childbirth, forced breathing)

Question 13

External and internal obliques

Answer 13

flex vertebral column; rotate trunk and bend it laterally

Question 14

Transversus abdominis

Answer 14

compresses abdominal contents

Question 15

Trapezius

Answer 15

elevates, depresses, adducts, and stabilizes the scapula

Question 16

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 16

extends and adducts the humerus

Question 17

Erector spinae

Answer 17

back extension

Question 18

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 18

flexes the spine laterally

Question 19

Deltoid

Answer 19

• arm abduction

because of the size of the deltoid, it is a favorite site for injections of small amounts (less than 5 mL)

Question 20

Biceps brachii

Answer 20

flexes elbow

anterior muscle of the upper limb

Question 21

Brachialis

Answer 21

elbow flexion

anterior muscle of the upper limb

Question 22

Brachioradialis -

Answer 22

weak muscle for elbow flexion

anterior muscle of the upper limb)

Question 23

Triceps brachii - elbow extension (antagonist to biceps brachii)

Answer 23

Triceps brachii - elbow extension (antagonist to biceps brachii)
(only posterior muscle of the upper limb. Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis are all anterior muscle)

Question 24

Gluteus maximus

Answer 24

hip extension (muscle of the lower limb)

Question 25

Gluteus medius

Answer 25

hip abduction (muscle of the lower limb)

Question 26

Iliopsoas

Answer 26

hip flexion

muscle of the lower limb

Question 27

Adductor muscles

Answer 27

adduct the thighs

muscle of the lower limb

Question 28

Sartorius

Answer 28

flexes the thigh

muscle of the lower limb

Question 29

Hamstring group - thigh extension and knee flexion

Answer 29

Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Extend leg and flex the knee

Question 30

Quadriceps group - extends the knee

Answer 30

Rectus femoris (also flexes hip)
Vastus muscles (three)
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus medialis

Question 31

Tibialis anterior

Answer 31

dorsiflexion

Question 32

Gastrocnemeus

Answer 32

plantar flexion (and weak knee flexor)

Question 33

Soleus

Answer 33

plantar flexion

Question 34

Extensor

Answer 34

Extensors are muscle types that cause extension, which increases the angle of the joint, thus moving two bones farther apart.

Question 35

A tissue with striations and many flattened nuclei under the plasma membrane in each cell would be called _______.

Answer 35

Skeletal muscle