muscles and respiration

Question 1

what does oxygen harvest from the food we eat?

Answer 1

ATP

Question 2

how much oxygen per minute do we digest at rest?

Answer 2

250ml

Question 3

how much oxygen do we consume per minute while exercising?

Answer 3

5000ml

Question 4

where does cellular respiration take place?

Answer 4

the mitochondria

Question 5

what is air made up of?

Answer 5

O2: 21% N: 78% CO2: 0.03% other: 0.97%

Question 6

what is vital capacity?

Answer 6

the maximum amount of air the was can inhale and exhale

Question 7

what is residual air?

Answer 7

air that remains in the lungs

Question 8

what do the nostrils do for the air that we breathe?

Answer 8

heat, fiter, and moisturize

Question 9

what does air carry that things like our nose hairs filter out?

Answer 9

dust, pollen, and debris

Question 10

what is the lungs line of defense?

Answer 10

nostril hair, mucous, and cilia

Question 11

what sweeps debris from our air into our mouth/nose (“tiny brooms”)?

Answer 11

cilia

Question 12

what traps particles in the air that we breathe?

Answer 12

mucous

Question 13

how is “dirt” removed from our system?

Answer 13

coughing, sneezing, or clearing our throat

Question 14

what holds open the tubes in our lungs?

Answer 14

cartilage rings

Question 15

what are the flexible muscles in our lungs line with?

Answer 15

smooth muscle

Question 16

where does gas exchange take place?

Answer 16

the lungs

Question 17

what makes up the lungs?

Answer 17

muscle, blood vessels, and hollow tubes

Question 18

what connects our mouth and nose?

Answer 18

pharynx

Question 19

what is the epiglottis’ role?

Answer 19

blocks the trachea when swallowing so we do not choke

Question 20

what is the term for our voic box

Answer 20

larynx

Question 21

what is the trachea?

Answer 21

the windpipe of the lungs

Question 22

what are the hollow branches of the trachea called?

Answer 22

bronchus

Question 23

what is the term for the smaller hollow branches of the bronchus?

Answer 23

bronchiole

Question 24

what is the aveolus?

Answer 24

tiny air sacs covered by capillaries

Question 25

what surrounds each alveoli?

Answer 25

blood capillaries

Question 26

how fo gases move in the alveoli?

Answer 26

diffusion (high to low)

Question 27

what contracts when we inhale?

Answer 27

the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles

Question 28

what does the diaphragm do when we inhale?

Answer 28

contract and move down

Question 29

what does the intercostal muscles and diaphragm do when we exhale?

Answer 29

relax (diaphragm moves down)

Question 30

what happens to muscles when they contract?

Answer 30

they shorten

Question 31

what happens to muscles when they relax?

Answer 31

lengthen

Question 32

where does gas exchange occur?

Answer 32

the alveoli

Question 33

how does deoxygenated blood travel?

Answer 33

body, lungs, and back into the heart through the left atrium

Question 34

what is a sign of innfluenza?

Answer 34

high white blood cell count

Question 35

what is an antigen-antibody complex used for?

Answer 35

immobilize the invaders so they cannot continue invading the body

Question 36

when are antibodies produced?

Answer 36

when t-cells identify the invader by its antigen markers

Question 37

what do thrombocytes do?

Answer 37

begin the blood clotting process

Question 38

which of the muscles are striated?

Answer 38

skeletal muscle and cardiac

Question 39

which muscles are involuntary?

Answer 39

smooth and cardiac muscle

Question 40

what order from largest to smallest in the muscle?

Answer 40

skeletal muscle, muscle fibre, myofilaments, myosin, and actin

Question 41

what are the four substances needed for muscle contraction?

Answer 41

ADP, calcium, actin, and myosin