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Anatomy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Which large tirangular muscle, over the upper shoulder & back of trunk,

A

Trapezius

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2
Q

What is the action of the Trapezius?

A

adducts, raises & rotates scapula, draws head back

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3
Q

Where are the O/I of the Trapezius?

A

O: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
I: outer 1/3 clavicle, scapular spine & acromion

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4
Q

What is the large muscle under the Trapezius?

A

Rhomboideus Major

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5
Q

Where are the O/I of the Rhomboideus Major?

A

O: spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
I: vertebral border of scapula

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6
Q

What is the action of the Rhomboideus major?

A

adductes & rotates the scapula

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7
Q

What is the action of the Deltoid?

A

abducts arm

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8
Q

Where are the O/I of the Deltoid?

A

O: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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9
Q

Which fan-shaped muscle covers upper chest?

A

Pectoralis Major

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10
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Major?

A

flexes, adducts, medially rotates arms

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11
Q

Where are the O/I of the Pectoralis Major?

A

O:medial 1/2 clavicle, body of sternum, 2-6 rib cartilage
I: intertubecular sulcus of humerus

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12
Q

What thin, flat, muscle is deep to the Pectoralis Major and used when slouching forward?

A

Pectoralis Minor

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13
Q

Where are the O/I of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

O: ventral surface of ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula

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14
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

draws scapula forward & down, some rotation

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15
Q

Which muscle covers upper & lateral surfaces of ribs?

“saw toothed”

A

Serratus Anterior

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16
Q

Where are the O/I of the Serratus Anterior?

A

O: outer surface ribs 1-9
I: ventral surface of scapula near vertebral border

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17
Q

What is the action of the Serratus Anterior

A

protracts shoulder

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18
Q

Which broad, flat, muscle covers the lumbar area of the back?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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19
Q

Where are the O/I of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

O: ribs 8-12; spinous processes of lower thoracic & lumbar vertebrae
I: intertubecular groove of humerous

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20
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

extend, adduct, medially rotate arm

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21
Q

Which upper shoulder muscle is completely covered by the trapezius & deltoid?

A

Suprasinatus

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22
Q

What is the action of the suprasinatus?

A

abducts arm

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23
Q

Where are the O/I of the Suprspinatus?

A

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerous

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24
Q

What lower shoulder muscle is completely covered by the trapezius & deltoid?

A

Infraspinatus

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25
Q

What are the Protracting/ Anterior Thoracic Muscles?

A

Pectoralise Minor & Serratus Anterior

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26
Q

What are the Retracting/ Posterior Thoracic Muscles?

A

Trapezius & Rhomboideus Major

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27
Q

What muscles are the primary attachments of the arm to the trunk?

A

Latissimus Dorsi & Pectoralis Major

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28
Q

What strong muscle is the prime abductor for the arm and originates at the scapula?

A

Deltoid

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29
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff?

*SITS

A

Supraspinatus
Infrascapularis
Teres Minor
Subscapularis

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30
Q

What Muscles provide strength & stability to glenohumeral joint?

A

Rotator Cuff

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31
Q

Where are the O/I of the Rotator Cuff?

A

O: Scapula
I: Humerus

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32
Q

Which rotator cuff muscle winds up for a pitch/medially rotates?

A

Supraspinatus

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33
Q

Which Rotator Cuff Muscle executes the pitch/ fully abducting arm?

A

Infraspinatus

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34
Q

Which 2 Rotator Cuff Muscles slow down the pitch at end/ adduct&lateraly rotate arm?

A

Teres Minor & Subscapularis

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35
Q

Where are the O/I of the infraspinatus?

A

O: infraspinous fossa of scapula
I: freater tubercle of humerous

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36
Q

What 2headed muscle on the anterior side of the humerus is the primary supinator & flexor of the forearm?

A

Biceps brachii

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37
Q

What is the O/I of the biceps brachii?

A

O: long head=supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Short head= coracoid process of scapula
I: radial tuberosity

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38
Q

What muscle is deep to the biceps brachii (distal anterior side of humerus) that flexes the forearm?

A

Brachialis

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39
Q

What is the O/I of the brachialis?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: ulnar tuberosity

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40
Q

What is the A of the brachialis?

A

Flex forearm

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41
Q

What 3-headed muscle extends the forearm and is the only one on the back surface?

A

Triceps brachii

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42
Q

Where is the O/I of the triceps brachii?

A

O: long head-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Middle & lateral head:posterior surface of humerus
I: olecranon process of ulna

43
Q

Which muscle addicts and flexes the humerus?

Armpit

A

Coracobrachialis

44
Q

Where is the O/I of the coracobrachialis?

A

O: coracoid process of scapula
I: medial margin of humerus

45
Q

What superficial muscle on lateral surface of forearm and flexes the forearm?

A

Brachioradialis

46
Q

Where are the O/I of the brachioradialis?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: styloid process of radius

47
Q

What lateral,2-headed, muscle runs diagonally from the elbow and probated the forearm?

A

Pronator teres

48
Q

Name the muscles that move the hand (anteriolaterally-posteriolateral)

A
  • Pronator teres
  • flexor Capri radialis
  • palmaris longus
  • flexor carpi ulnaris
  • extensor carpi ulnaris
  • Extensor digitorum
  • extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • extensor carpi radialis longus
49
Q

What muscle flexes and abducts the hand?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

50
Q

Where are the O/I of the flexor carpi radialis?

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: ventral surface of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals

51
Q

What small, fleshy muscle with a long insertion tendon flexes the hand?
*medial to flexor carpi radialis

A

Palmaris longus

52
Q

What medial, 2-headed muscle flexes and adducts hand?

Medial to palmaris longus

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

53
Q

Where are the O/I of the flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus & olecranon process of ulna
I: pisiform, hamate, base 5th metacarpals

54
Q

What muscle extends & adducts hand?

*covers most superior surface of ulna

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

55
Q

Where are the O/I of the extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 5th metacarpals

56
Q

Which muscle extends fingers (except thumb) & hand?

*lateral to extensor carpi ulnaris

A

Extensor digitorum

57
Q

Where is the O/I of the extensor digitorum?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: dorsal surface of 2-5 phalanges

58
Q

What muscles extend & abducts the hand?

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Extensor carpi radialis longus

59
Q

What small,deep, muscle is lateral to the extensor digitorum?

A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

60
Q

What large, narrow, muscle partially covering the extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

61
Q

Where are the O/I of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: base of 3rd metacarpals

62
Q

Where are the O/I of the Extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

O: lateral ridge of humerus
I: base of 2nd metacarpals

63
Q

What butt muscle extends & laterally rotates the thigh?

A

Gluteus Maximus

64
Q

Where are the O/I of the Gluteus Maximus?

A

O: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx
I: Gluteal Tuberosity of Femur; Iliotibial Tract

65
Q

What muscle is deep to the Gluteus Maximus?

A

Gluteus Medius

66
Q

What muscles flex & laterally rotate the thigh?

A

Gluteus Medius & Psoas Major

67
Q

Where is the O/I of the Gluteus Medius?

A

O: External surface of ilium
I: Gluteal tuberocity of femur

68
Q

What small, upper thigh, muscle flexes & medially rotates the thigh?

A

Tensor Fascia Latae

69
Q

Where are the O/I of the Tensor Fascia Latae?

A

O: Illiac Crest & Anterior Superior Illiac Spine
I: Iliotibial Tract

70
Q

What is the thin “sideways” thigh muscle?

A

Satorisus

71
Q

Where are the O/I of the Satorisus?

A

O: Anterior Superior Illiac Spine
I: Medial Tibial Surface

72
Q

What is the A of the Satorisus?

A

Flexes leg; Flexes & laterally rotates leg

73
Q

What is the Anterior/ Superficial medial thigh muscle?

A

Rectus Femoris

74
Q

What are the quadriceps muscles?

A

1) Rectus Femoris
2) Vastus Intermedius
3) Vastus Lateralis
4) Vastus Medialis

75
Q

Where are the O/I of the Rectus Femoris?

A

O: Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine above Acetabulum
I: Tibial Tuberosity

76
Q

What is the A of the Quadriceps?

A

Extends leg

**Rectus Femoris also flexes thigh

77
Q

Where is the O/I of the Vastus Intermedius?

A

O: Anterior surface of femur shaft
I: Tibial Tuberosity

78
Q

What is the common insertion of the quadriceps?

A

Tibial Tuberosity

79
Q

Where are the O/I of the Vastus Lateralis?

A

O: Greater Trochanter & linea aspea of femur
I: Tibial Tuberosity

80
Q

Where are the O/I of the Vastus Medialis?

A

O: Linea Aspea of Femur
I: Tibial Tuberosity

81
Q

What medial muscle makes the “thigh gap”?

A

Gracilis

82
Q

Where is the O/I of the Gracilis?

A

O: Lower Margin of Pubic Bone
I: Medial surface of tibia

83
Q

What is the A of the Gracilis?

close legs

A

adducts & flexes thigh.

flexes leg

84
Q

What are the 3 posterior thigh muscles?

A

Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

85
Q

What is the most lateral hamstring muscle?

A

Biceps Femoris

86
Q

Where is the O/I of the Biceps Femoris?

A

O: Long head on ischial tuberosity, short head on linea aspera of femur
I: Head of fibula

87
Q

What is the A of the biceps femoris?

A

flexes leg, extends & laterally rotates thigh

88
Q

What 2 muscles flex & medially rotate the leg; extends thigh?

A

Semitendinosus

Semimembranosus

89
Q

Where’s the O/I of the Semitendinosus?

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I: Proximal End of shaft

90
Q

What is the common O of the Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus

A

Ischial Tuberosity

91
Q

Where are the O/I of the Semimembranosus?

A

O: Ischial Tuberosity
I:posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia

92
Q

What is the most superficial muscle covering the calf?

*standing on tip toes

A

Gastrocnemius

93
Q

Where si the O/I of the Gastrocnemius?

A

O: Medial & Lateral Condyles of Femur
I: Calcaneus

94
Q

What is the A of the Gastrocnemis?

A

Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, standing on tip toes

95
Q

What is the calf muscle deep/lateral to the Gastrocenimus?

A

Soleus

96
Q

Where are the O/I of the Soleus?

A

O: head & shaft of fibula; shaft of tibia
I: Calceneus

97
Q

Where is the common I of the Gastocnemius & Soleus?

A

Calceneus

98
Q

What is the A of the Soleus?

A

plantar flexes, inverts, adducts foot

99
Q

What superficial muscle is parallel to anterior margin of tibia?

A

Tibialis Anterior

100
Q

Where is the O/I of the Tibialis Anterior?

A

O: Lateral condyle & proximal shaft of foot
I: First metatarsal & medial cuniform

101
Q

What is the A of the Tibialis Anterior?

A

Dorsiflexes ankle & inverts foot at ankle

102
Q

What superficial/lateral muscle overlies the fibula?

keeps foot flat

A

Fibularis Longus

103
Q

What is the O/I of the Fibularis Longus?

A

O: Head and upper portion of fibula
I: First metatarsal & medial cuneiform via long tendon that passes under the foot

104
Q

What is the A of the fibularis longus?

A

A: plantar flexes & everts foot

Anatomy (10 decks)

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