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Muscles Flashcards

(104 cards)

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1
Q

Which large tirangular muscle, over the upper shoulder & back of trunk,

A

Trapezius

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2
Q

What is the action of the Trapezius?

A

adducts, raises & rotates scapula, draws head back

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3
Q

Where are the O/I of the Trapezius?

A

O: occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
I: outer 1/3 clavicle, scapular spine & acromion

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4
Q

What is the large muscle under the Trapezius?

A

Rhomboideus Major

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5
Q

Where are the O/I of the Rhomboideus Major?

A

O: spinous process of thoracic vertebrae
I: vertebral border of scapula

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6
Q

What is the action of the Rhomboideus major?

A

adductes & rotates the scapula

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7
Q

What is the action of the Deltoid?

A

abducts arm

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8
Q

Where are the O/I of the Deltoid?

A

O: lateral 1/3 clavicle, acromion & spine of scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

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9
Q

Which fan-shaped muscle covers upper chest?

A

Pectoralis Major

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10
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Major?

A

flexes, adducts, medially rotates arms

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11
Q

Where are the O/I of the Pectoralis Major?

A

O:medial 1/2 clavicle, body of sternum, 2-6 rib cartilage
I: intertubecular sulcus of humerus

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12
Q

What thin, flat, muscle is deep to the Pectoralis Major and used when slouching forward?

A

Pectoralis Minor

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13
Q

Where are the O/I of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

O: ventral surface of ribs 3-5
I: coracoid process of scapula

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14
Q

What is the action of the Pectoralis Minor?

A

draws scapula forward & down, some rotation

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15
Q

Which muscle covers upper & lateral surfaces of ribs?

“saw toothed”

A

Serratus Anterior

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16
Q

Where are the O/I of the Serratus Anterior?

A

O: outer surface ribs 1-9
I: ventral surface of scapula near vertebral border

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17
Q

What is the action of the Serratus Anterior

A

protracts shoulder

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18
Q

Which broad, flat, muscle covers the lumbar area of the back?

A

Latissimus Dorsi

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19
Q

Where are the O/I of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

O: ribs 8-12; spinous processes of lower thoracic & lumbar vertebrae
I: intertubecular groove of humerous

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20
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

extend, adduct, medially rotate arm

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21
Q

Which upper shoulder muscle is completely covered by the trapezius & deltoid?

A

Suprasinatus

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22
Q

What is the action of the suprasinatus?

A

abducts arm

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23
Q

Where are the O/I of the Suprspinatus?

A

O: supraspinous fossa of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerous

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24
Q

What lower shoulder muscle is completely covered by the trapezius & deltoid?

A

Infraspinatus

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25
What are the Protracting/ Anterior Thoracic Muscles?
Pectoralise Minor & Serratus Anterior
26
What are the Retracting/ Posterior Thoracic Muscles?
Trapezius & Rhomboideus Major
27
What muscles are the primary attachments of the arm to the trunk?
Latissimus Dorsi & Pectoralis Major
28
What strong muscle is the prime abductor for the arm and originates at the scapula?
Deltoid
29
what are the 4 muscles of the rotator cuff? | *SITS
Supraspinatus Infrascapularis Teres Minor Subscapularis
30
What Muscles provide strength & stability to glenohumeral joint?
Rotator Cuff
31
Where are the O/I of the Rotator Cuff?
O: Scapula I: Humerus
32
Which rotator cuff muscle winds up for a pitch/medially rotates?
Supraspinatus
33
Which Rotator Cuff Muscle executes the pitch/ fully abducting arm?
Infraspinatus
34
Which 2 Rotator Cuff Muscles slow down the pitch at end/ adduct&lateraly rotate arm?
Teres Minor & Subscapularis
35
Where are the O/I of the infraspinatus?
O: infraspinous fossa of scapula I: freater tubercle of humerous
36
What 2headed muscle on the anterior side of the humerus is the primary supinator & flexor of the forearm?
Biceps brachii
37
What is the O/I of the biceps brachii?
O: long head=supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Short head= coracoid process of scapula I: radial tuberosity
38
What muscle is deep to the biceps brachii (distal anterior side of humerus) that flexes the forearm?
Brachialis
39
What is the O/I of the brachialis?
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: ulnar tuberosity
40
What is the A of the brachialis?
Flex forearm
41
What 3-headed muscle extends the forearm and is the only one on the back surface?
Triceps brachii
42
Where is the O/I of the triceps brachii?
O: long head-infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Middle & lateral head:posterior surface of humerus I: olecranon process of ulna
43
Which muscle addicts and flexes the humerus? | Armpit
Coracobrachialis
44
Where is the O/I of the coracobrachialis?
O: coracoid process of scapula I: medial margin of humerus
45
What superficial muscle on lateral surface of forearm and flexes the forearm?
Brachioradialis
46
Where are the O/I of the brachioradialis?
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: styloid process of radius
47
What lateral,2-headed, muscle runs diagonally from the elbow and probated the forearm?
Pronator teres
48
Name the muscles that move the hand (anteriolaterally-posteriolateral)
- Pronator teres - flexor Capri radialis - palmaris longus - flexor carpi ulnaris - extensor carpi ulnaris - Extensor digitorum - extensor carpi radialis brevis - extensor carpi radialis longus
49
What muscle flexes and abducts the hand?
Flexor carpi radialis
50
Where are the O/I of the flexor carpi radialis?
O: medial epicondyle of humerus I: ventral surface of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals
51
What small, fleshy muscle with a long insertion tendon flexes the hand? *medial to flexor carpi radialis
Palmaris longus
52
What medial, 2-headed muscle flexes and adducts hand? | Medial to palmaris longus
Flexor carpi ulnaris
53
Where are the O/I of the flexor carpi ulnaris?
O: medial epicondyle of humerus & olecranon process of ulna I: pisiform, hamate, base 5th metacarpals
54
What muscle extends & adducts hand? | *covers most superior surface of ulna
Extensor carpi ulnaris
55
Where are the O/I of the extensor carpi ulnaris?
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: base of 5th metacarpals
56
Which muscle extends fingers (except thumb) & hand? | *lateral to extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
57
Where is the O/I of the extensor digitorum?
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: dorsal surface of 2-5 phalanges
58
What muscles extend & abducts the hand?
Extensor carpi radialis brevis | Extensor carpi radialis longus
59
What small,deep, muscle is lateral to the extensor digitorum?
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
60
What large, narrow, muscle partially covering the extensor carpi radialis brevis?
Extensor carpi radialis longus
61
Where are the O/I of the Extensor carpi radialis brevis?
O: lateral epicondyle of humerus I: base of 3rd metacarpals
62
Where are the O/I of the Extensor carpi radialis longus?
O: lateral ridge of humerus I: base of 2nd metacarpals
63
What butt muscle extends & laterally rotates the thigh?
Gluteus Maximus
64
Where are the O/I of the Gluteus Maximus?
O: iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx I: Gluteal Tuberosity of Femur; Iliotibial Tract
65
What muscle is deep to the Gluteus Maximus?
Gluteus Medius
66
What muscles flex & laterally rotate the thigh?
Gluteus Medius & Psoas Major
67
Where is the O/I of the Gluteus Medius?
O: External surface of ilium I: Gluteal tuberocity of femur
68
What small, upper thigh, muscle flexes & medially rotates the thigh?
Tensor Fascia Latae
69
Where are the O/I of the Tensor Fascia Latae?
O: Illiac Crest & Anterior Superior Illiac Spine I: Iliotibial Tract
70
What is the thin "sideways" thigh muscle?
Satorisus
71
Where are the O/I of the Satorisus?
O: Anterior Superior Illiac Spine I: Medial Tibial Surface
72
What is the A of the Satorisus?
Flexes leg; Flexes & laterally rotates leg
73
What is the Anterior/ Superficial medial thigh muscle?
Rectus Femoris
74
What are the quadriceps muscles?
1) Rectus Femoris 2) Vastus Intermedius 3) Vastus Lateralis 4) Vastus Medialis
75
Where are the O/I of the Rectus Femoris?
O: Anterior Inferior Illiac Spine above Acetabulum I: Tibial Tuberosity
76
What is the A of the Quadriceps?
Extends leg | **Rectus Femoris also flexes thigh
77
Where is the O/I of the Vastus Intermedius?
O: Anterior surface of femur shaft I: Tibial Tuberosity
78
What is the common insertion of the quadriceps?
Tibial Tuberosity
79
Where are the O/I of the Vastus Lateralis?
O: Greater Trochanter & linea aspea of femur I: Tibial Tuberosity
80
Where are the O/I of the Vastus Medialis?
O: Linea Aspea of Femur I: Tibial Tuberosity
81
What medial muscle makes the "thigh gap"?
Gracilis
82
Where is the O/I of the Gracilis?
O: Lower Margin of Pubic Bone I: Medial surface of tibia
83
What is the A of the Gracilis? | close legs
adducts & flexes thigh. | flexes leg
84
What are the 3 posterior thigh muscles?
Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosus
85
What is the most lateral hamstring muscle?
Biceps Femoris
86
Where is the O/I of the Biceps Femoris?
O: Long head on ischial tuberosity, short head on linea aspera of femur I: Head of fibula
87
What is the A of the biceps femoris?
flexes leg, extends & laterally rotates thigh
88
What 2 muscles flex & medially rotate the leg; extends thigh?
Semitendinosus | Semimembranosus
89
Where's the O/I of the Semitendinosus?
O: Ischial Tuberosity I: Proximal End of shaft
90
What is the common O of the Semitendinosus & Semimembranosus
Ischial Tuberosity
91
Where are the O/I of the Semimembranosus?
O: Ischial Tuberosity I:posterior surface of medial condyle of tibia
92
What is the most superficial muscle covering the calf? | *standing on tip toes
Gastrocnemius
93
Where si the O/I of the Gastrocnemius?
O: Medial & Lateral Condyles of Femur I: Calcaneus
94
What is the A of the Gastrocnemis?
Flexes leg, plantar flexes foot, standing on tip toes
95
What is the calf muscle deep/lateral to the Gastrocenimus?
Soleus
96
Where are the O/I of the Soleus?
O: head & shaft of fibula; shaft of tibia I: Calceneus
97
Where is the common I of the Gastocnemius & Soleus?
Calceneus
98
What is the A of the Soleus?
plantar flexes, inverts, adducts foot
99
What superficial muscle is parallel to anterior margin of tibia?
Tibialis Anterior
100
Where is the O/I of the Tibialis Anterior?
O: Lateral condyle & proximal shaft of foot I: First metatarsal & medial cuniform
101
What is the A of the Tibialis Anterior?
Dorsiflexes ankle & inverts foot at ankle
102
What superficial/lateral muscle overlies the fibula? | keeps foot flat
Fibularis Longus
103
What is the O/I of the Fibularis Longus?
O: Head and upper portion of fibula I: First metatarsal & medial cuneiform via long tendon that passes under the foot
104
What is the A of the fibularis longus?
A: plantar flexes & everts foot

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