Axial muscles Flashcards
Axial Muscles
What is the action is the occipitofrontalis?
Scalp & eyebrows
Wrinkles skin of forehead
What muscles are a part of the epicranius muscle?
- frontal belly of occipitofrontalis
- occipital belly of occipitofrontalis
What is the action of the occipital belly of occipitofrontalus?
Retracts scalp
What is the O/I of the epicranius?
O/I: extends over cranium. Attaches to nuchal lines & soft tissue of eyebrows (epicranial aponeurosis)
What are the paired muscles raises upper lip to “snarl”?
Levator Labii Superioris
Where is the O/I of the Levator Labii Superioris?
O: lower margin of orbit above the infraorbital foramen
I: skin & muscles of upper lip
What muscle is located inside and raises upper eyelid?
EX) Surprise!
Levator Palpebrae Superioris
Where are the O/I of the Levator Palpebrae Superioris?
O: Lesser wing of sphenoid
I: Upper eyelid CT
What muscle surrounds the orbit and controls blinking/squinting?
Orbicularis Oculi
What muscle moves the mouth angles up to smile/laugh?
Zygomaticus Major
Where are the O/I of the Orbicularis Oculi?
O: Medial orbit
I: skin around eye
Where are the O/I of the Zygomaticus Major?
O: Zygomatic Bone
I: Orbicularis Oris muscle @ corners of mouth
What muscles surrounds the mouth and closes the lips when pouting/kissing?
Orbicularis Oris
Where are the O/I of the Orbicularis Oris?
O: Mandible & Maxilla
I: Soft Tissues at mouth corners
Which muscle “flares the nostrils”?
Nasalis
Which muscle wrinkles the nose?
Procerus
What are the cheek muscles?
Buccinator
What muscle makes the mouth frown by pulling corners laterally/medially
Depressor Anguli Oris
What muscle draws the lip muscles inferiorily?
Depressor Labii Inferioris
What muscle draws superiorly & laterally?
“smile”?
Levator Anguli Oris
What muscle makes the lips “pout” and wrinkles the chin?
Mentalis
Which muscle “tenses the lips” laterally?
Risorius
Where are the O/I for the Buccinator?
O: alveolar processes of mandible/maxilla
I: Oribularis Oris (deep muscles around mouth)
What muscle tenses the skin of the neck?
*Platysma
Where are the O/I for the Platysma?
O: between 2nd rib & acromion of scapula
I: mandible & muscles around mouth/chin/jaw
Which muscle elevates & retracts mandible?
Temporalis
Where are the O/I of the Temporalis?
O: Temporal Lines
I: Coronoid Process of Mandible
Which muscle protracts the mandible?
Masseter
Where are the O/I of the Masseter?
O: Zygomatic Arch
I: angle/ramus of mandible
Where are the O/I of the Sternocleidomastoid?
2-heads
O: manubrium & medial clavicle
I: mastoid process of temporal
Which muscle turns neck/bend head laterally?
Sternocleidomastoid
Which muscle depresses the Hyoid & Larynx?
Sternohyoid
Where are the O/I of the Sternohyoid?
O: clavical & manubrium
I: hyoid
what is the white layer of the eye called?
Sclera
Which muscle of the Masticatory system is the strongest & most important?
Masseter
What are the 2 types of Extrinsic Eye muscles?
Rectus (Medial, Lateral, Superior, Inferior)
Oblique (Inferior & Superior)
Which 4 muscles are part of the Infrahyoid Group?
Omohyoid
Sternohyoid
Sternothyroid
Thyrohyoid
What 4 muscles are a part of the Suprahyoid muscles?
Digastric
Geniohyoid
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
What muscle depresses the mandible and elevates the hyoid?
Digastric
Which muscles elevate the hyoid?
Geniohyoid & Stylohyoid
What are the 4, sheet like, muscles of the abdominal Wall?
*TIRE
Transverse Abdominus
Internal Oblique
Rectus Abdominus
External Oblique
Which muscles help the mandible “chew”?
Temporalis, Masseter, Lateral&Medial Pterygoids
Which muscle elevates the 1st & 2nd rib during forced inhalation?
Scalene (Anterior, Medial, Posterior)
What dome shaped muscle separates the abdominal & thoracic cavities?
Diaphragm
What is the superficial medial muscle layer on the wall of the abdomen?
*six pack
Rectus Abdominus
Where are the O/I of the Rectus Abdominus?
O: superior pubis near symphysis
I: Inferior surfaces of costal cartilages & xiphoid Process
What is the A of the Rectus Abdominus?
Depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column
What is the largest & most superficial of the 3 muscles in the Abdominal Wall?
External Oblique
Where is the O/I of the External Oblique?
O: external surface of lower 8 ribs (false ribs)
I: linea alba & interior half of illiac crest
What is the action of the External Oblique?
compress abdomiopelvic cavity. flexes & rotates vertebral column
Which muscle lies immediatly under external oblique?
Internal Oblique
Where is the O/I of the Internal Oblique?
O: illiac crest & lumbodorsal ligament
I: linea alba, pubic crest, lower 4 ribs
What is the action of the Internal Oblique?
Compresses abdominopelvic cavity, flexes & rotates vertebral column
What is the innermost muscle of the abdominal wall?
Transverse Abdominus
What is the action of the Transverse Abdominus?
compress abdominal cavity
Where is the O/I of the Transverse Abdominus?
O: illiac crest, costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs, thoraco-lumbar fascia
I: linea alba & pubic crest
Where is the O/I of the diaphragm?
O: xiphoid process, inner surface of lower 6 ribs, lumbar vertebrae
I: central tendon of diaphragm
Which muscle keeps our “erect” when standing?
erector spinae
Which muscles assist with respiration?
Diaphragm & External Intercostals
