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Anatomy > Articulation > Flashcards

Articulation Flashcards

0
Q

What is the study of articulation?

A

Anthropology

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1
Q

What is a place of contact between bone & bone, bone & cartilage, bones & teeth?

A

Joint/ Articulation

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2
Q

What is the relationship between mobility and stability of a joint?

A

+MOBILITY=-STABILITY

-MOBILITY=+STABILITY

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3
Q

What are the 3 structural categories of joints?

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous joints
  • synovial joints
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4
Q

What type of joint is made of dense irregular synarthrosis CT?

A

Fibrous joint

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5
Q

Name the 3 different types of fibrous joints

A
  • Gomphoses
  • Sutures
  • Syndesmoses
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6
Q

What membrane holds teeth in place? What joint is that a part of?

A
  • Periodontal membrane.

- gomphoses

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7
Q

What type of joint is immobile?

A

Synarthrosis

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8
Q

What type of joint is slightly mobile?

A

Amphiarthrosis

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9
Q

What type of joint is completely mobile?

A

Diarthosis

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10
Q

What type of fibrous joint holds skull bones together and morph with age?

A

Sutures

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11
Q

What are fused sutures called?

A

synostoses

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12
Q

What fibrous joint is amphiarthroses interosseous membrane between bones?
EX) radius & ulna, tibia & fibula

A

Syndesmoses

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13
Q

What joint holds the sides of bones together?

A

interosseous membrane (interosseous ligaments)

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14
Q

What joint is held together by cartilage?

A

Cartilaginous joint

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15
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

A
  • Synchondroses

- Symphyses

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16
Q

What joint is made out of synarthrosis hyaline cartilage? Where can it be located?

A 
Synchondroses. 
Ex) immature/child skeleton
Ex) Epiphyseal plate
Ex) sphenoid & basilar part of occipital
Ex) first sternocostal joint
Ex) costochondral joints
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17
Q

What joint is between ribs &

differ from articulation between ribs 2-7 (synovial joint)

A

Synchondroses costochondral joints

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18
Q

What amphiarthroses fibrocartilagenous joint resist tension & stress between articulating bone means growing together ?
Where is it located?

A
  • Symphyses

- Ex) intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis

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19
Q

What diarthrosis articular cartilage separates joint cavities?

A

Synovial joints

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20
Q

What small space hold synovial fluid?

A

Joint cavity

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21
Q

What is the main function of synovial joints?

A

Fluid-Filled cavities prevent friction between articulating surfaces

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22
Q

Name the 3 functional differences of joints

A
  • Synarthrosis
  • Amphiarthroses
  • Diarthrosis
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23
Q

What is synovial fluid?

A

synovia: viscid lubricating fluid secreted by the membrane lining joints and tendon sheaths etc.

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24
Q

What random fibrous synovial membrane sack hold synovial fluid & reduces friction?

A

Bursa (purse)

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25
Q

What are the 7 features of synovial joints?

A

1) Articular Capsule
2) Joint Cavity
3) Synovial Fluid
4) Articular Cartilage
5) Ligaments
6) Nerves
7) Blood

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26
Q

What is the weakest part of a skeleton?

A

Joints

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27
Q

What joints get injured more easily?

A

Loosely fitted joints

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28
Q

What joints are the strongest?

A

Tightly fitted joints

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29
Q

How do we classify the structure of a joint?

A

Based on binding materials holding joint together (CT & Spaces)

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30
Q

How do we classify the function of a joint?

A

Based on type of movment allowed

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31
Q

What type of joint is most immovable?

A

Gomphoses Fibrous Joint

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32
Q

What are Synchondroses Cartilaginous Joints made of?

A

Hyaline Cartilage

33
Q

What is the function of Synovial Joints?

A

Diarthrosis

34
Q

What cartilage are Synovial Joints composed of?

A

Articular Cartilage (Hyaline)

35
Q

What elongated bursa relieves stressed tendons?

(wrist, hand, fingers, ankle)

A

Tendon Sheath of Synovial Joint

36
Q

What do tendons do?

A

Help stabilize joint

37
Q

What is the basic structure of synovial joints?

A

Outer: Dense Irredular CT
Inner: Loose CT (synovial membrane)

38
Q

What small space holds synovial fluid in a synovial joint?

A

Joint cavity (articular cavity)

39
Q

What periphery of synovial joint protects and fills in spaces when gap opens as joint is moved?
“bubble wrap”

A

Fat Pad

40
Q

What type of movement moves a synovial joint on 1 axis?

A

Uniaxial

41
Q

What type of movement moves a synovial joint on 2 axis?

A

Biaxial

42
Q

What type of movement moves a synovial joint on multiple axis?

A

Multiaxial

43
Q

What type of moving joint do intercarpals & intertarsal, hamate & Triquetrum have?

A

Planar (Gliding) Joint

uniaxial

44
Q

What uniaxial, articulating, synovial joint fits into articulting depressions? Where are they located?

A

Hinge Joint

EX) trochlea of humerus

45
Q

What uniaxial, synovial joint rotates the dens of axis on vertebrae?

A

Pivot Joint

EX) head of radius & radial notch. atlas & axis

46
Q

What biaxial synovial joint moves by an oval fitting into an articulating depression?
EX) Jaw. scaphoid & lunate w/ radius

A

Condyloid Joints

47
Q

What multiaxial synovial joint does the ball of femur in acetabulum represent?

A

Ball-and-socket joint

48
Q

What extension goes beyond 180 degrees?

A

Hyperextension

49
Q

What “stretching out” motion INCREASES angle between articulating bones?

A

Extension

50
Q

What motion DECREASES angle between articulating bones?

A

Flexion

51
Q

What movement moves the trunk side-to-side?

A

Lateral Flexion

52
Q

What movement involves a part “moving away” from the midline?

A

Abduction

53
Q

What movement involves a part “moving towards” the midline?

A

Adduction

54
Q

What movement does the shoulder “drawing a cone” represent?

A

Circumduction

55
Q

What rotation does the head & neck make when it moves away from the median?

A

Lateral Rotation: (external rotation)

56
Q

What rotation do the hands make when in anatomical position?

A

Supination

57
Q

What rotation does the head make when moving towards the median?

A

Medial Rotation: (internal rotation)

58
Q

What position do the hands make with palms flat facing back?

A

Pronation

59
Q

What movement do the shoulders make when relaxed?

A

Depression

60
Q

What movement do the shoulders make when raised?

A

Elevation

61
Q

What movement does the ball of foot & toes make when the ankle moves foot up?

A

Dorsiflexion

62
Q

What movement do the ball of foot & toes make when the foot moves down?

A

Plantar Flexion

63
Q

What movement happens when the ankle rotates in?

A

Inversion

64
Q

What movement does the foot make when rotating out?

A

Eversion

65
Q

What movement involves the head moving forward?

A

Protraction

66
Q

What movement involves the head moving backwards?

A

Retraction

67
Q

What movement do the thumb and pink make when they cross? (Boyscouts)

A

Opposition

68
Q

What synovial joint is located between the mandible and mandibular fossa of the temporal bone?

A

Temporomandibular Joints

69
Q

What type of movements do the Temporomandibular Joints (TMJ) make?

A

gliding, hinge, pivot

70
Q

What type of synovial joint lies I between each vertebrae of the spinal column?

A

Intervertebral discs

71
Q

What synovial joint connects the Manubrium of Sternum>Sternal End of Clavicle? What type of joint is it?

A

Sternoclavicular Joints

saddle-joint

72
Q

What shallow joint separates Head of Humerus> Glenoid Cavity of scapula?
What type of joint is this?

A

Glenohumeral (shoulder) Joints

Type: Ball-and-socket

73
Q

What synovial joint is located at the wrist?

A

Radiocarpal Joint

74
Q

What type of movement can the hip joint make?

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, circumduction

75
Q

What prevents hyperflexion of knee & displacement of tibia?

A

posterior curicate ligament (PCL)

76
Q

What part of the knee sperates posterior femur>anterior tibia and Prevents hyperextension?

A

anterior curicate ligament: (ACL)

77
Q

What type of joint is the Talocural (ankle) joint?

A

Hinge joint

78
Q

What is the largest diarthrosis/ hinge joint?

A

Knee joint

79
Q

What type of movement does the glenohumeral joint?

A

flexion, extension, abdution, adduction

Anatomy (10 decks)

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