Muscles 1

Question 1

Fascia

Answer 1

Fascia: a sheet of fibrous connective tissue covering, separating, or binding together muscles, organs, and other soft structures of the body.

Question 2

Fascicle

Answer 2

A Fascicle bundle of nerve or muscle fibers surrounded by connective tissue.

Question 3

Epimysium

Answer 3

Epimysium: a layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds an entire muscle.

Question 4

Perimysium

Answer 4

Perimysium: a layer of fibrous connective tissue that surrounds groups of muscle fibers and separates them into individual bundles.

Question 5

Endomysium

Answer 5

Endomysium a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds each individual muscle fiber.

Question 6

Muscle fiber

Answer 6

Muscle fiber: a long, thin cell containing myofibrils that contracts to produce movement.

Question 7

Muscle cell

Answer 7

Muscle cell: a type of cell found in muscle tissue, which is specialized for producing movement by contracting its fibers.

Question 8

Tendon:

Answer 8

Tendon: a band or cord of tough, inelastic fibrous connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone or other part.

Question 9

Abduction

Answer 9

Movement away from the median plane.
Example: Spreading fingers, leg to the side

Question 10

Adduction

Answer 10

Movement towards median plane
Example: Relaxing fingers, leg drawn in

Question 11

Eversion

Answer 11

Lateral movement of foot at ankle

Question 12

Inversion

Answer 12

Medial movement of foot at ankle

Question 13

Flexion

Answer 13

Decrease in angle of joint
Example: Bending elbow or knee

Question 14

Extension

Answer 14

Increase in angle of joint
Example: Straightening knee or elbow

Question 15

Circumduction

Answer 15

Movement of distal end of bone in
circular fashion, proximal end relatively
stable
Example: Pitching a baseball, swimming eg.
crawl or backstroke

Question 16

Supination

Answer 16

Palm of hand turned upward

Question 17

Pronation

Answer 17

Palm of hand turned downward

Question 18

Protraction

Answer 18

Anterior movement of a body part on a
plane parallel to the ground
Example:Extending jaw forward

Question 19

Retraction

Answer 19

Posterior movement of a body part on a
plane parallel to the ground
Example: Pulling jaw back

Question 20

Rotation

Answer 20

Bone moves around its own
longitudinal axis
Example: Twisting arm or leg

Question 21

Plantarflexion

Answer 21

Extension of foot at ankle
Example: Pointing toes down

Question 22

Dorsiflexion

Answer 22

Flexion of foot at ankle
Example: Pointing toes up

Question 23

Elevation

Answer 23

Body part moved upward
Example: Jaw moving up while chewing,
shrugging shoulders

Question 24

Depression

Answer 24

Body part moved downward
Example: Jaw moves down while chewing,
drooping shoulders

Question 25

Ligament:

Answer 25

Ligament: dense, regularly arranged connective tissue that attaches bone to bone.

Question 26

Muscle tone:

Answer 26

a sustained, partial contraction of portions of a skeletal muscle in response to activation from stretch receptors. Muscle remains firm. This is especially important in maintaining posture

Question 27

Paralysis:

Answer 27

loss or impairment of motor function due to a lesion of neural or muscular origin. Muscle is unable to contract.

Question 28

Muscular dystrophy:

Answer 28

an inherited disease characterized by degeneration of muscle cells that leads to progressive atrophy.

Question 29

Muscular atrophy

Answer 29

: a wasting away or decrease in size of muscular tissue

Question 30

Muscle hypertrophy:

Answer 30

an excessive enlargement or overgrowth of muscle tissue without cell division.

Question 31

Bursa:

Answer 31

a sac filled with synovial fluid. Commonly found between bones and muscle tendons.