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anat and p > Muscle Tissue > Flashcards

Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

3 Type of Muscles

A

Skeletal, Cardiac, Smooth

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2
Q

Myo

A

Muscle

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3
Q

Sarco

A

Flesh

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4
Q

Epimysium

A

Exterior, Connected to Deep Fascia

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5
Q

Perimysium

A

Surrounds Muscle Bundles (fascicles) Contains BV and Nerves

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6
Q

Endomysium

A

Surrounds Individual Muscle Cell Capillarities, Nerve Fibers, Stem Cells

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7
Q

Structure of Muscles

A

Muscle Tissue, Connective Tissue, Nerves, BV

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8
Q

Muscle Fibers

A

Fusion of Myoblasts, Hundered of Nuclei

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9
Q

Sacroplasm

A

Cytoplasm of a MF

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10
Q

Sacrolemma

A

Cell Membrane of a MF

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11
Q

T-Tubles

A

Transverse Tubules, A Extension of Sarcolemma, Transmits Action Potential

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12
Q

Sacroplasmic Reticulum (SR)

A

Smooth ER of Muscle, Membrane Structure Surrounding the Myofibril (Storage of ca2+)

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13
Q

Triad

A

Terminal Cisternae (Enlarged SR) + TTubule= Diffusion (communicate)

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14
Q

Myofibril

A

Made of Myofilaments

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15
Q

Thin Filaments

A

Protein Actin

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16
Q

Thick Filaments

A

Protein Myosin

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17
Q

F-Actin

A

Whole Molecule, 2 Strands of G-Actin

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18
Q

G-Actin

A

Globular Protien

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19
Q

Structure of Myosin

A

Tail: Binds The Myosin Together
Head: Reaches For Actin

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20
Q

Sarcomere

A

Functional Unit of a Contraction, Z-Line to Z-Line

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21
Q

Z-Line

A

End of a Sacromere, made of actin and thin filaments.

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22
Q

M-Line

A

Middle of Sacromere, Stabilizes Myosin

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23
Q

A Band

A

Dark, Entire Myosin Range (Never Moves)

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24
Q

H Band

A

Only Myosin, (center) Thick Band, Thick Filaments

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25
Q

I Band

A

Only Actin, Thin Filaments

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26
Q

Zone of Overlap

A

H,I Bands

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27
Q

Titin

A

Tip of Myosin Filament to the Z-Line, Stabilizes Thick

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28
Q

Nebulin

A

Holds the F-Actin Together

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29
Q

Tropomyosin

A

Prevents Actin-Myosin Interaction (rest)

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30
Q

Troponin

A

Binds Tropomyosin to G-Actin, Controlled by ca2+

31
Q

1st Step of Contraction

A

Actin Slides Toward M Line

32
Q

2nd Step of Contraction

A

Zone Overlap Enlarges

33
Q

3rd Step of Contraction

A

H Band shrinks and I Band Shrinks

34
Q

4th Step of Contraction

A

A Band Unchanged

35
Q

5th Step of Contraction

A

M Band Unchanged

36
Q

6th Step of Contraction

A

Z Lines Move Closer Together

37
Q

When Do Contractions Start?

A

When the Sarcolemma is Stimulated

38
Q

The Neuromuscular Junction

A

1.) Synapse
2/3.) Neurotransmitter Acetylcholine
4/5.) Acetylcholine broken down by enzymes

39
Q

Excitation/ Contraction Coupling

A

Electrical Signal to a Contraction

40
Q

What Happens When a Muscle Contracts

A

Fiber Shorting, Relaxation

41
Q

Fiber Shortening

A

Sacromere Shortens, Muscles pull together creating tension

42
Q

Relaxation

A

Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell, Detaches

43
Q

Rigor Mortis

A

Muscular Contractions After Death

44
Q

Tension

A

All or Nothing, A Muscle Fiber is either contracted or released.

45
Q

Cross Bridges

A

A Overlap in Actin/Myosin

46
Q

Latent Period

A

STIMULI APLLIED, The Delay, Ca2+ release

47
Q

Contraction Phase

A

Ca ions bind, Tension Builds

48
Q

Relaxation Phase

A

Ca2+ levels decrease, active sites covered

49
Q

Tetanus

A

Max Level of Tension

50
Q

Summation

A

Max Force from each Fiber (tetanus)

51
Q

Recruitment

A

Activates Motor Unit

52
Q

Short Term Stimulation

A

15 Seconds

53
Q

Anaerobic Glycosis

A

130 Seconds, No Oxygen, Breaks down glucose from glycogen to produce 2 ATP

54
Q

Aerobic Metabolism

A

2400 Seconds, Oxygen, Uses Fatty Acids, Produces 34 ATP

55
Q

The Cori Cycle

A

Removal and Recycle Lactic to Liver

56
Q

Hormones

A

Growth, Testosterone, Thyroid, Epihphrine

57
Q

Large Diameter

A

Stronger Contraction

58
Q

Fast Fibers (Anaerobic ATP)

A

pro: Large Diameter, Strong Contraction
con: Fatigues fast

59
Q

Slow Fibers (Aerobic Fiber ATP)

A

pro: Fatigues Slowly
con: Small Diameter

60
Q

Intermediate Fibers

A

Fast Fibers, Good Blood Supply, Little Myogoblin

61
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase In Cell Size

62
Q

Atrophy

A

Decrease In Cell Size

63
Q

Cardiocyte

A

Small, Single Nucleus, Short/Wide T, No Triads, Aerobic, Intercalated Discs. Hold Cells Together

64
Q

Automaticity

A

Contraction Without Neural Stimulation

65
Q

Variable Contraction

A

Nervous System

66
Q

Extended Contraction

A

10x Skeletal (No Fatigue)

67
Q

Prevention of Summation

A

Long Refractory Time

68
Q

Smooth Muscle

A

Forms around other Tissues

69
Q

Location of Smooth Muscle

A

BV, Reproduction, Glandular, Digestive, Urinary, Integumentary System

70
Q

Forms created by Smooth Muscle

A

Spincters, Contractors, Arector Pilli, BP, and Aidgamates

71
Q

Structure of Smooth Muscle

A

No T Tubules, Ca2+ not from SR, Long slender, spindled 1 nucleus NO BANDS

72
Q

Multiunit Smooth M Cells

A

No Gap Junctions, Separate Fibers, Contract Independently.

73
Q

Viseral Smooth M Cells

A

Many Gap Junctions, Syncytial Contraction (all cells), Spindle shaped.

anat and p (11 decks)

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