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Muscle Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 functions of muscle tissue

A

Movement
Posture maintenance
Stabilization of joints
Protection of internal organs
Temperature regulation

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2
Q

A characteristic of Muscle tissue that responds to changes in electrical potentials across cell membrane

A

Excitability

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3
Q

Smooth and cardiac muscles are examples of this type of muscle

A

Involuntary

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4
Q

What is the only type of voluntary muscle

A

Skeletal

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5
Q

It is the characteristic of muscle that can stretch and return to itd original shape

A

Elasticity

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6
Q

The characteristic of muscle that can stretch or extend

A

Extensibility

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7
Q

It is a characteristic of that pulls on attachment sites and shorten

A

Contractility

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8
Q

List the 4 characteristic of muscle

A

Excitability
Elasticity
Extensibility
Contractility

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9
Q

What are the 3 visual characteristics of skeletal tissue

A

Long, multinucleated
Cylindrical
Striated

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10
Q

What are the 3 visual characteristics of cardiac muscles

A

1 or 2
Shorter Branching cells
Striated

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11
Q

What are the 3 visual characteristics of
Smooth muscle

A

One nucleus
Spindle shaped
Non striated

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12
Q

What are the 3 connective tissue coverings of skeletal muscle

A

Epimysium
Perimisuim
Endomysium

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13
Q

Surrounds entire muscle and fuses with tendons to link with muscle

A

Epimysium

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14
Q

Additional layer of CT external to the epimysium

A

Fascia

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15
Q

Surrounds fasicles

A

Perimysium

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16
Q

Are bundles of muscle cells

A

Fascicles

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17
Q

Surrounds individual muscle cells

A

Endomysium

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18
Q

It is the cell membrane of skeletal muscles

A

Sarcolemma

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19
Q

It is the cytoplasm of the skeletal muscle

A

Sarcoplasm

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20
Q

It is the endoplasmic reticulum that stores calcium

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

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21
Q

Extensions of sarcolemma

A

Transverse tubules (T-tubules)

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22
Q

Cylinders of contractile proteins

A

Myofibrils

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23
Q

What is the Greek word for flesh

A

Sarco

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24
Q

It is the contractile unit of the skeletal muscle

A

The sarcomere

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25
Q

The thick filament of the sarcomere Is made out of ___________

26
Q

The thin filament of the sarcomere Is made out of ___________

27
Q

The thin filament of the sarcomere is associated with these 2 regulatory proteins

A

Troponin and tropomyosin

28
Q

This describes how the sarcomere shortens

A

The sliding filament model of muscle contraction

Thin filaments slide past thick filaments towards the M line

29
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Myosin head on thick filament binds to thin filament

And results into what?

A

3.

Cross bridge formation

30
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Myosin head re-cocks

Continue to pull as long as ATP is available and binding sites are exposed

31
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Calcium released from SR binds to troponin

32
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Myosin head uses the power of ATP to pull filaments towards the M line

33
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Z discs move closer together and sarcomere shortens

34
Q

Number the process from (1-6)

Shape changes shape tropomyosin

35
Q

What regulates the cross bridge formation between thick and thin myosin

A

Troponin and tropomyosin

36
Q

This wraps around the thin (actin) filament and covers myosin (thick filament) binding sites

A

Tropomyosin

37
Q

This moves tropomyosin to expose myosin binding sites on the actin filament

38
Q

Occurs when calcium ions bind to ________

39
Q

This occurs when muscles can no longer contract

A

Muscle fatigue

40
Q

What are the multiple causes of muscle depletion

A

Lack of ATP

Lactip acid and ADP build up

Impaired ion movement

Inadequate release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum

41
Q

Type of muscle fiber
Contracts slowly
Weakest
Produces ATP via aerobic respiration
Fatigues the slowest
Maintains posture and stabilizes joints

A

Slow oxidative muscle fiber

42
Q

Slow oxidative muscle fiber is red because of the presence of __________

43
Q

This type of muscle fiber has
Fast contractions
Strongest
Produces ATP via glycolysis
Stores glycogen in higher amounts
Fatigues quickly
Is used for fast powerful movements

A

Fast glycolytic muscle fibers

44
Q

Posseses characteristics of both SO AND FG
Contracts quickly
More fatigue resistant than FG fibers
Used for walking

A

Fast oxidative muscle fibers

45
Q

Fast oxidative muscle fibers are also known as _________

A

Intermediate fibers

46
Q

Force generated by muscle contraction

A

Muscle tension

47
Q

When a muscle contracts but does not move a load

A

Isometric contraction

48
Q

When a muscle contracts and moves a load

A

Isotonic contraction

49
Q

Muscles lengthen and moves a load

A

Eccentric contraction

50
Q

Muscles shorten and moves a load

A

Concentric contraction

51
Q

Singular contraction of a muscle cell

52
Q

Displays the amount of tension produced by a twitch over a period of time

53
Q

Action potential is propagated along the sarcolemma and calcium ions release from SR

No contractions occur during this phase

A

Latent phase

54
Q

Cross bridges have formed and sarcomeres shorten

Peak of tension

A

Contraction phase

55
Q

Calcium ions are pumped back to SR an cross bridge cycling stops

Tension decreases

A

Relaxation phase

56
Q

Run the length of the muscle fiber and attach to the sarcolemma

A

Myofibrils

57
Q

Region spanning the length of the thick filament

58
Q

Region containing only the thin filament

59
Q

Horizontal line in the center of the sarcomere

60
Q

Space where only thick filament can be found

61
Q

Space where only thick filament can be found

Anaphy (7 decks)

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