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Anaphy > Anatomy Of The Nervous System > Flashcards

Anatomy Of The Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q

Unmyelinated region with mainly cell bodies and dendrites

A

Gray matter

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2
Q

Collection of cell bodies in the CNS

A

Nucleus

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3
Q

Myelinated regions with mostly axons

Also called the tract

A

White matter

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4
Q

Collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

A

Ganglion

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5
Q

Bundle of axons

A

Nerve

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6
Q

Is a cluster of unmyelinated tissue in the brain

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

What protects the brain

A

Cranium

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8
Q

What protects the spinal cord

A

Vertebral column

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9
Q

What protects both the brain and spinal cord

A

Meninges

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10
Q

What are the layers of meninges from superficial to deep

A

Dura matter
Arachnoid matter
Pia matter

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11
Q

Thick and collagen rich
Separates in two layers in certain locations

A

Dura matter

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12
Q

Encases brain spinal cord and CSF

A

Arachnoid matter

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13
Q

Is tightly adhered to the surface of the brain

A

Pia matter

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14
Q

3 meningeal spaces

A

Epidural
Subdural
Subarachnoid

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15
Q

This meningeal space contains CSF

A

Subarachnoid space

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16
Q

Are thin walled veins located between layers of dura matter Wich collects venous blood from the brain to the heart

A

Dural venous sinuses

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17
Q

What are the 5 dural venous sinuses

A

Superior sagittal sinus
Inferior sagittal sinus
Occipital sinus
Straight sinus
Transverse sinuses

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18
Q

Dura matter folds to separate and stabilize brain within the cranial cavity

A

Cranial dural septa

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19
Q

What are the 4 cranial dural septa

A

Falx cerebri
Tentorium Cerebelli
Falx Cerebelli
Diaphragma sellae

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20
Q

Separates right and left sides of the brain

A

Falx cerebri

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21
Q

Forms roof over cerebellum

A

Tentorium Cerebelli

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22
Q

Separates 2 half’s of cerebellum

A

Falx Cerebelli

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23
Q

Forms roof over sella turcica

A

Diaphragma sellae

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24
Q

Covers entire surface of entire nerve

A

Epineurium

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25
Q

Covers fascicles

A

Perineurium

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26
Q

Bundles of axon

A

Fascicles

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27
Q

Covers individual Neurons

A

Endoneurium

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28
Q

Derived from blood
Produced by ependymal cells in the ventricles

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

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29
Q

Tangle of capillaries that are surrounded by a lining of ependymal cells

A

Choroid plexus

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30
Q

Where is the CSF produced

A

Ventricles

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31
Q

What are the functions of CSF

A

Delivers some nutrients
Carries away some wastes
Provides cushioning and protection to brains and spinal cord

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32
Q

What absorbs excess CSF and returns it to your blood

A

Arachnoid membrane

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33
Q

Primary delivery system of nutrients

A

Blood

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34
Q

This forms under posterior of embryo

A

Neural tube

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35
Q

Surrounds the neural tube

A

Neural crest

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36
Q

Becomes the brain eyes and spinal cord

A

Neural tube

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37
Q

Becomes the peripheral nerves

A

Neural crest

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38
Q

What does the neural tube form during the first stages of development

A

Primary vesicles called
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

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39
Q

When primary vesicles become five secondary vesicles what does these primary vesicles become
Forebrain
Midbrain
Hindbrain

A

Forebrain-telencephalon,diancephalon
Midbrain- mesencephalon
Hindbrain-metencephalon myelencephalon

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40
Q

Becomes the cerebrum of the brain

A

Telencephalon

41
Q

Becomes the retina of the eyes, thalamus and hypothalamus

A

Diencephalon

42
Q

Becomes the midbrain

A

Mesencephalon

43
Q

Becomes the pons and cerebellum

A

Metencephalon

44
Q

Becomes the medulla oblongata

A

Myelencephalon

45
Q

Controls conscious experiences
Regulates homeostasis
Controls muscle movement

A

The brain

46
Q

What are the 4 major regions of the brain

A

Cerebrum
Diencephalon
Brain stem
Cerebellum

47
Q

Makes up most of the mass of the brain

Is divided Into left and Right hemispheres by a longitudinal fissure

A

Cerebrum

48
Q

Folds on the brain

A

Gyri/gyrus

49
Q

Grooves between folds

A

Sulci/sulcus

50
Q

Deep grooves

A

Fissures

51
Q

White matter tract that bridges the cerebral hemispheres and allows communication between the two hemispheres

A

Corpus callosum

52
Q

Responsible for memory emotion language and consciousness

A

Cerebral cortex

53
Q

What are the 5 lobes of the cerebellum

A

Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Temporal lobe
Occipital lobe
Insula

54
Q

Separates temporal lobe from other regions

A

Lateral sulcus

55
Q

Separates parietal lobe from frontal lobe

A

Central sulcus

56
Q

Occupies anterior cerebral cortex
Involved in decision making and higher order cognitive behavior

A

Frontal lobe

57
Q

Is involved in personality short term memory and consciousness

A

Prefrontal lobe

58
Q

Located posterior to the central sulcus
Primarily involved in body sensations

A

Left and right parietal lobe

59
Q

Involved in the lateral/inferior Regions of the brain

Involved with hearing and smelling

A

Left and right temporal lobes

60
Q

Located posterior of cerebrum
Processes visual information
Responsible for visual memories

A

Occipital lobes

61
Q

Receive input or control output

A

Primary areas

62
Q

Link sensory information to memories

A

Association areas

63
Q

Is the primary motor cortex

Moves skeletal muscles
Premotor area helps movement

A

Precentral gyrus

64
Q

Primary somatosensory cortex

Processes sensation from skin and proprioception

A

Postcentral gyrus

65
Q

Primary gustatory and gustatory association areas

A

Insula

66
Q

Language and speech

A

Mainly located on the left side of the cerebrum

67
Q

Plans movement and regulars breathing for speech

A

Brocas area

68
Q

Recognition and understanding writing or speech

A

Wernicke’s area

69
Q

Involves prefrontal cortex
One of the last areas to mature

A

Intellect and personality

70
Q

Relays information to primary
Somatosensory area where it is interpreted as pain

A

Thalamus

71
Q

Deep to gray matter of cerebral cortex

A

White matter tracts

72
Q

Connects area within the same hemisphere

A

Association tracts

73
Q

Connect between hemispheres

A

Commissural tracts

74
Q

Extends into the spinal cord

A

Projection tracts

75
Q

Connect within same lobe

A

Arcuate fibers

76
Q

Connect between lobes within the same hemisphere

A

Longitudinal fasciculi

77
Q

Helps control intensity of muscle movements

A

Basal Nuclei

78
Q

Involved in long term memory and emotional response

A

Hippocampus and amygdala

79
Q

Connects cerebrum to the rest of the nervous system

A

Diencephalon

80
Q

Regions of the diencephalon

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Epithalamus

81
Q

Collection of nuclei
Major sensory integration and processing area
Involved in processing all sensations expect smell (olfaction)

A

Thalamus

82
Q

Collection of nuclei involved in regulating homeostasis
Regulatory center for autonomic nervous system

A

Hypothalamus

83
Q

3 regions of brain stem

A

Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata

84
Q

Visible as bulge on anterior brain stem

A

Pons

85
Q

Most inferior structure of the brain

A

Medulla oblongata

86
Q

Outer gray matter cortex and inner white matter tracts

A

Cerebellum

87
Q

Regulates wakefulness and sleep

A

Reticular formation

88
Q

What forms the reticular formation

A

Gray matter in brain stem, diencephalon and spinal cord

89
Q

Are structures that collectively proccess information

A

Limbic system

90
Q

Involved in memory formation and navigation

A

Hippocampus

91
Q

proccesses fear response

A

Amygdala

92
Q

Divided Into regions that correspond to the vertebral column

A

Spinal cord

93
Q

Gray matter of spinal cord that resemble the letter H

A

Gray horns

94
Q

White matter of spinal cord arranged into columns

A

White columns

95
Q

Attach directly to brain
12 pairs in total
Motor, sensory or both

A

Cranial nerves

96
Q

Attached to the spinal cord
31 pairs in total
Mixture of sensory and motor

A

Spinal nerves

97
Q

What are the 4 plexuses

A

Cervical
Brachial
Lumbar
Sacral

98
Q

Wich region does not form plexuses

A

Thoracic

Anaphy (7 decks)

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