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Anaphy > Axial Bone > Flashcards

Axial Bone Flashcards

1
Q

Forms the vertical Central axis of the body

A

The Axial skeleton

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2
Q

How many bones does the Axial skeleton have?

A

80

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3
Q

How many bones does the skull have

A

22

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4
Q

Surrounds and protects the brain.

A

Cranial bone

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5
Q

Consists of all the bones, cartilage and ligaments of the body

A

Skeletal system

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6
Q

What are the 4 main types of axial bones in the body

A

Skull
Vertebral column
Ribs
Sternum

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7
Q

Forms upper and lower extremities

A

Appendicular skeleton

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8
Q

How many bones are there in the appendicular skeleton

A

126

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9
Q

List the 6 cranial bones

A

Frontal (1)
Parietal (2)
Occipital (1)
Temporal(2)
Spenoid(1)
Ethmoid(1)

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10
Q

List the 8 facial bones

A

Mandible (1)
Maxilla(2)
Lacrimal(2)
Nasal(2)
Palitine(2)
Zygomatic (2)
Inferior nasal conchae(2)
Vomer(1)

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11
Q

Cavities house softer structures like these 5 cavities

A

Cranial cavity
Orbitals
Nasal cavity
Oral cavity
Paranasal sinuses

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12
Q

Forms the forehead and parts of cranium

A

Frontal bone

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13
Q

What are the boney markings of the frontal bone

A

Glabella
Superorbital margin
Superorbital foramen

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14
Q

Which cranial bone has no bony markings?

A

Parietal bone

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15
Q

Forms the posterior skull and posterior base of the cranial cavity.

A

Occipital bone

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16
Q

What are the boney markings of the occipital bone

A

External occipital protuberance
Superior nuchal line
Foramen magnum
Occipital condyles

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17
Q

Forms the lower lateral side of the skull

A

Temporal bones

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18
Q

What are the 7 boney markings of the temporal bone

A

Squamous portion
Zygomatic process
Mastoid process
External acoustic meatus
Mandibular fossa
Articular tubercle
Styloid process

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19
Q

Forms much of the base of central skull and part of temples

A

Sphenoid bone

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20
Q

What are the boney markings of the sphenoid bone

A

Greater and lesser wings
Stella turcica
Pituitary fossa
Medial and lateral pterygoid processes

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21
Q

This forms part of the orbit and nasal cavity

A

Ethmoid bone

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22
Q

What are the boney markings of the ethmoid bone

A

Perpendicular plate
Superior and middle nasal conchae
Crista galli
Cribiform plate
Olfactory foramina

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23
Q

This forms the lower jaw and it is the only moveable bone of the skull.

A

Mandible

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24
Q

What are the boney markings of the mandible

A

Body,ramus and angle
Coronoid and condualar processes
Mandibular notch
Mental foramina
Mental protuberance

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25
Q

Forms the upper jaw,most of the roof of the mouth, part of the orbit, the lateral base of the nose and it is also called the hard palate

A

Maxillary bone/Maxilla

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26
Q

What are the boney markings of the Maxillary bone

A

Alveolar process
Infraorbital foramen

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27
Q

Forms part of the orbit and they contain lacrimal glands that secrete tears

A

Lacrimal bones

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28
Q

Forms posterior portion of hard palate, Medial part of orbit and contributes to vertical section of nasal cavity

A

Palatine bone

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29
Q

It is also known as the cheekbones and forms much of the lateral part of the orbit

A

Zygomatic bone

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30
Q

What are the boney markings of the zygomatic bone

A

Temporal proccess
Zygomatic arch

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31
Q

Forms part of the nasal septum

A

Vomer

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32
Q

Forms any base (bridge and any lateral part of the nose

A

Nasal bones

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33
Q

Project into nasal cavity

A

Inferior nasal conchae

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34
Q

Project the eyeball and the muscles that move it.

A

The orbit

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35
Q

Project the eyeball and the muscles that move it.

A

The orbit

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36
Q

Is boarded by maxillae and nasal bones

A

Nasal cavity

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37
Q

Divides the nasal cavity and is formed by perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer and septal cartilage

A

Nasal Septum

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38
Q

Covered by mucous membranes and it is warm,filter and moistened inhaled air

A

Nasal conchae

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39
Q

Hollow air filled spaces found in frontal ,maxillary,sphenoid and ethmoid bones. while this connects to the nasal cavity and adds volume to the skull without adding any weight and adds resonance to voice

A

Paranasal sinuses

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40
Q

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses

A

Frontal sinus
Maxillary sinuses
Sphenoid sinus
Ethmoid sinus

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41
Q

Where are teeth embedded

A

Alveolar processes

42
Q

What allows entry for nerves and blood vessels to the lower jaw

A

Mandibular (mental) foramen

43
Q

What is formed by maxillae,mandible and Palatine bones

A

Oral cavity

44
Q

Formed by palatine process of maxillae and horizontal plate of palatine bones

A

The Hard palate

45
Q

Is formed by temporal process of zygomatic bone articulating with zygomatic process of temporal bone

A

Zygomatic arch

46
Q

What is above the zygomatic arch ?

A

Temporal fossa

47
Q

This unites the parietal and temporal bones

A

Squamous suture

48
Q

What unites the parietal bones

A

Sagittal suture

49
Q

Parietal bones and occipital bones are united by what?

A

Lamboid structure

50
Q

Mostly occupied by the brain

A

Cranial cavity

51
Q

The base of the skull is divided by these 3 fossa

A

Anterior cranial fossa
Middle cranial fossa
Posterior cranial fossa

52
Q

Contains the Crista galli and cribiform plates

A

Anterior cranial fossa

53
Q

Contains openings for blood vessels and nerves

A

Middle cranial fossa

54
Q

Contains internal acoustic meatus, hypoglossal canal, jugular foramen

A

Posterior cranial fossa

55
Q

Provides for passage of the optic nerve into the orbit

A

Optic canal

56
Q

Passage for nerves to eyeball, associated muscles, and sensory nerves to forehead

A

Superior orbital fissure

57
Q

Allows exit for major sensory nerves to face

A

Foramen rotundum/foramen ovale

58
Q

Entry of blood supply Into cranial cavity

A

Foramen spinosum

59
Q

Exit of nerve to muscles of the face

A

Stylomastoid foramen

60
Q

Entry of blood supply to the brain

A

Carotid canal

61
Q

No structures pass through here

A

Foramen lacerum

62
Q

Allows passage of the nerves for hearing and equilibrium and the nerves that supply muscles to the face

A

Internal acoustic meatus

63
Q

Allows passage of a nerve to the tounge

A

Hypoglossal canal

64
Q

Allows passage of several nerves to the jugular vein

A

Jugular foramen

65
Q

What unites the frontal and parietal bones

A

Coronal suture

66
Q

Allows for rapid growth of brain during infancy, allows skull to change shape during birth

A

Fontanelles

67
Q

Parietal or complete failure of the upper lip to fuse together

A

Cleft lip

68
Q

Results from failure of the hard plate to fuse completely

A

Cleft palate

69
Q

Is the premature fusion of the suture line that results in the abnormal growth of the skull and cranial deformity

A

Craniosynostosis

70
Q

U shaped bone located in the superior part of the neck and does not articulate with other skull bones

A

Hyoid bone

71
Q

Total vertebrae count plus the sacrum and the coccyx

A

24

72
Q

Vertebrae count of the cervical curve and it’s orientation

A

(7) and posteriorly oriented

73
Q

Vertebrae count of the thoracic curve and it’s orientation

A

(12) anteriorly oriented

74
Q

Vertebrae count of lumbar curve and it’s orientation

A

(5) and posteriorly oriented

75
Q

Fused Vertebrae count of the sacrococcygeal curve and it’s orientation

A

Sacral(5) coccygeal (4) total (9)
And anteriorly oriented

76
Q

Excessive posterior curvature of thoracic region

A

Kyphosis

77
Q

Excessive anterior curve of the lumbar region

A

Lordosis

78
Q

Abnormal lateral curvature of vertebral column

A

Scoliosis

79
Q

What are the 7 components of a typical vertebra

A

Vertebral body
Vertebral arch
Pedicles
Lamina
Vertebral foramen
Transverse spinous and articular process
Intervertebral foramen

80
Q

Are between the bodies of each vertebrae

A

Intervertebral discs

81
Q

These unite the vertebrae posteriorly

A

Superior and inferior articular processes

82
Q

Allows spinal nerves to exit

A

Intervertebral foramen

83
Q

-Small vertebral bodies
-Transverse foramina of vertebral arteries
-bifid spinous process

A

Cervical vertebrae

84
Q

It is the atlas and allows the head to move in a yes motion

A

C1

85
Q

It is the axis and allows the head to move in a no motion

A

C2

86
Q

-Vertebral bodies increase in size as you descend the spinal column
-long downward angle spinous process
-articulates with ribs

A

Thoracic vertebrae

87
Q

What articulates with rib tubercles

A

The transverse process of the thoracic vertebrae

88
Q

Largest vertebral bodies and it is short blunt spinous processes

A

Lumbar vertebrae

89
Q

Is a thick triangular shaped bone

A

Sacrum

90
Q

Is formed by a fusion of 4 vertebrae

A

Coccyx

91
Q

Anchors vertebrae to each other while cushioning it and allows movement

A

Intervertebral discs

92
Q

The 2 fibrocartilage pads between vertebrae

A

Anulus fibrous
Nucleus pulposus

93
Q

What are the parts of the sternum

A

Manubrium
Body
Xiphoid process

94
Q

Parts of the manubrium

A

Clavicular notch
Suprasternal notch

95
Q

Joins to manubrium at sternal angle

A

Body

96
Q

12 pairs of curved flat bones

A

Ribs

97
Q

What are the boney features of the ribs?

A

Head,neck,body,tubercle,and angle of the rib
Costal groove

98
Q

Costal cartilage attatches to sternum (1-7)

A

True ribs

99
Q

Costal cartilage does not directly attach to the sternum (8-12)

A

False ribs

100
Q

Does not have costal cartilage (11-12)

A

Floating ribs

Anaphy (7 decks)

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