Muscle Lab/anatomy Flashcards
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Orbicularis oculi
Surrounds rim of the orbit
Blinking squinting closes eyes
Frontal and maxilla
Tissues of the eyelid
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Frontal is
Cutaneous muscle stretching over forehead to upper eyelid
Draws back scalp, raises eyebrows, wrinkles brows
2 bellies: aponeurosis and region anterior to vertex
Skin above nose and ears
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Zygomaticus major
From zygomatic arch to corners of mouth
Smiling
Zygomatic bone in front of temporal process
Angle of mouth
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Orbicularis oris
Multilayered; mostly surrounding lips
Purses & protrudes lips- kissing and whistling
Indirectly from mandible, maxilla, and other lip muscles
Encircles mouth; inserts into muscle and skin at angles of mouth
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Temporalis
Fan-shaped, covers parts of temporal, parietal, and frontal
Closes jaw, elevates/retracts mandible, small region helps protract mandible
Temporal fossa
Coronoid process of mandible via tendon that passes deep to zygomatic arch
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Buccinator
Main muscle of cheek; thin/horizontal plane; deep to masseter
Compression of cheeks; holds food between teeth
Molar area of maxilla and mandible
Orbicularis oris
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Masseter
Strong muscle covering lateral mandible
Elevates mandible, closes jaw
Zygomatic bone
Mandible
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Occipitalis
Part of occipitofrontalis muscle
Moves scalp
Occipital and temporal bones
Aponeurosis
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Sternocleidomastoid
Neck
Flexes and rotates head; flexes head towards shoulders
Manubrium and clavicle
Temporal bone
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Scaleni muscles
Four of these: scalene, scalene anterior, scalene middle, scalene posterior
Flexion & rotation of cervical vertebrae
Transverse processes of various cervical vertebrae
Various ribs and vertebrae
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Trapezius
Flat, triangular; mud-upper back
Stabilizes, raises, retracts, and rotates scapula
Occipital bone, spinous process of C-7 & thoracic vertebrae
Continuous insertion along scapula; lateral third of clavicle
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Latissimus dorsi
Broadest muscle of back; dorsi-lateral to trunk, posterior to arm, covered by trapezius superiorly, contributes to posterior wall of axilla
Addicts, extends, & rotates humerus medially bringing arm down in power stroke
Lower thoracic; indirectly via fascia to lumbar and sacral vertebrae
Humerus
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Gluteus Maximus
Forms bulk of buttock mass
Major extensor of thigh
Dorsal ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
Femur
Location, action, origins, insertions of
Deltoid
Thick rounded muscle forming shoulder mass
Arm flexor, rotates arm medially, addicts arm, when scapula fixed pulls rib cage upwards, assists in throwing pushing forced inspiration
Surrounds insertion of trapezius and lateral third of clavicle
Humerus
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Serratus anterior
Adjacent to thoracic wall
Abducts (protracts) scapula, rotates scapula upwards while abducting arm, holds scapula to chest wall
Anterior surfaces of first 8 ribs
Scapula: anterior surface and medial border
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Pectoralis major
Chest; upper/axillary (anterior)
Arm flexion, medial rotation, forced inspiration, rib cage elevation
Clavicle and sternum; cartilages of ribs 1-6
Humerus
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
External oblique
Anterior & lateral abdominal wall
Flexes vertebral column
Lower 8 ribs
Pubic crest and iliac crest
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Rectus abdominis
Extends from pubis to rib cage; r sheathed by aponeuroses of adjacent lateral muscles
Flex and rotate lumbar region of vertebral column; increase intra-abdominal pressure, use during sit ups
Pubis
Xiphoid process; costal cartilages of ribs 5-7
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Triceps brachii
Posterior compartment of arm
Extends arm at shoulder extends forearm at elbow
Three-headed at: scapula; humerus
By a common tendon to the ulna
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Biceps brachii
Arm
Flexes elbow joint; rotates hand laterally
Scapula: short- coracoid process, long- glenoid cavity
Radius: radial tuberosity
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Brachioradialis
Lateral region on lower arm
Flexes forearm and elbow
Humerus: lateral supracondyle ridge
Radius
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Sartorious
Strap like; longest muscle in humans; runs obliquely across anterior surface of thigh to knee
Flexes thigh & knee, abducts, laterally rotates thigh, cross-legged position
Anterior superior iliac spine
Medial aspects of knee, medial aspects of proximal tibia
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Rectus femoris
Quadriceps group- thigh, anterior aspect
Flexes thigh at hip, extends knee
Acetabulum; anterior iliac spine
Patellar and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Vastus medialis
Quadriceps group; thigh- medial region
Extend the knee
Linda aspera
Same as rectus femoris: patellar and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Vastus lateralis
Quadriceps group; thigh- lateral region
Extends and stabilizes knee
Femur, lines aspera
Patellar and tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Pectineal
Short/flat overlies adductor brevis
Adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
Pubis and superior ramus
Femur (posterior), runs inferiorly from lesser trochanter to linea aspera
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Gracilis
Long/thin in thigh (medial)
Addicts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg
Pubis
Tibia (medial), inferior to medial condyle
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Adductor longus
Medial aspect of thigh
Flexes thigh; abducts thigh, medially rotates thigh
Pubis
Linea aspera
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Biceps femoris
Most lateral of hamstrings group
Extend thighs, flexes knee, laterally rotates leg especially when knee is flexed
Long head: ischial tuberosity
Short head: distal femur and linea aspera
Common tendon inserts into fibula (head) and tibia (lateral condyle)
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Gastrocnemius
Posterior leg (calf), superficial pair of bellies
Flexes foot when knee extends, since crosses at knee joint, can flex the knee when foot is dorsiflexed
By 2 head from lateral and medial condyles of femur
Posterior calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Soleus
Flat, broad muscle of calf just below gastrocnemius
Plantar flexes foot
Fibula and tibia; popliteal fascia
Calcaneous by Achilles’ tendon
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Extensor digitorum longus
Anterolateral surface of leg
Toe extension; dorsiflexes foot
Tibia and fibula
Middle/distal phalanges toes 2-5
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Tibialis anterior
Anterior leg
Dorsiflexion and foot inversion
Tibia
First metatarsal bone
Location, action, origins, insertions of:
Tensor fascia lata
Anterolateral aspect of thigh
Flexes, rotates thigh medially
Anterior region of iliac crest and anterior superior iliac spine
Iliotibial band of fascia lata
