Connective Tissue Flashcards
What are 8 functions of connective tissue?
- binds organs
- provides support
- facilitates movement
- protects
- provides immune defense
- stores energy and materials
- helps to produce heat
- transports within blood stream
Mucous Connective tissue
embryotic tissue; limited to Wharton’s jelly that fills and supports tissues of the umbilical cord
TEMPORARY tissue
Fibroblasts
Most common cells of connective tissue
Large, flat, branching cells that produce fibers and ground substance
Come rushing in to form scar tissue when injured
Histiocytes
Macrophages of connective tissue
Leukocytes
esp. neutrophils, reside in connective tissue, react againt bacteria, toxins, and foreign matter
Plasma Cells
Produce antibodies and are only found in enflamed tissue and the wall of the digestive tract.
Mast Cells
found near blood vessels
produce heparin and histamine
Adipocytes
(fat cells) appear in some parts of fibroconnective tissues
Fibers are made of _____?
Protein
Three types of fibers found in connective tissue
- Collagenous fibers
- Reticular fibers
- Elastic fibers
Collagenous fibers
Tough,thick, flexible, and resist stretching. Constitutes 25% of the body’s protein. Holds structures together
*Also called white fibers
Reticular fibers
Collagen fibers(but thinner) in reticular connective tissue. Supportive network within tissues.
Cant see without special stain
Elastic fibers
Made of the stretchy protein elastin. Provide elastic quality to areas that stretch. Also called yellow fibers.
Ground substance
Components: tissue fluid, minerals, and proteogylcans, the especially large colloidal particles that form a viscous tissue gel. In bone, tissue cell is made up of chondroitin sulfate. In fibroconnective tissue hyaluronic acid compromises all gel tissue.
What is tissue gel made of in bone?
Chondroitin Sulfate
What comprises the tissue gel in fibroconnective tissue?
Hyaluranic acid
What are the two broad types of fibroconnective tissue?
Loose and Dense
Loose Connective Tissue
a. Areolar
b. Reticular
c. Adipose
Dense Connective Tissue
a. Dense regular
b. Dense irregular
What kind of tissue is this?
Areolar connective tissue
What kind of tissue is this?
Adipose connective tissue
Dense regular connective tissue
Dense irregular connective tissue
Hyaline cartilage connective tissue
Elastic cartilage connective tissue
Fibrocartilage connective tissue
Reticular tissue
Areolar diagram
(Loose connective)
adipose connective
(loose)
FAT cells! Fat pushed nucleus against cell walls
- reserve fuel; organ supoprt/protection; insulation against heat loos
What are the sites of areolar tissue?
wide distribution, organ packaging, surrounds capillaries
What is the function of loose areolar tissue?
wraps/surrounds organs
Areolar Loose Connective Tissue
- Composed of all 3 kinds of fibers: reticular, elastic, collagen.
- consists of fibroblasts, mast cells, macrophages, and WBC (leukocytes)
Reticular Loose Connective Tissue
Fibers form a soft, internal skeleton that support other cell types
Histamine
Causes inflamation; causes fluid to leak out of blood releasing white blood cells with it to fight off infection bacteria, foriegn invaders, etc.
Matrix
area between cells (what they sit in)
Where fibers are made
Macrophages
- Motile cells sometimes attached to fibers.
- they clear foreign particles from tissues by phagocytosis
- “macro-“ = big
"-phages"= eaters
- NOT big cells, just big eaters
Haline cartilage
- Firm but no shape/structure
- really shiny and smooth
- connects long bones (articular (bones come together) hyaline cartilage)
- chondroblasts make chondrocytes
Chondroblasts/chondrocytes
Same thing BUT chondroblasts make cartilage and chondrocytes are mature chondroblasts
Give 3 examples of where Hyaline cartilage is found
- most of the emryonic skeleton
- ends of long bones
- in joint cavitites
- costal cartilage of the ribs }(between the sternum adn bony rib)
- nose
- trachea (windpipe)
- larynx (voicebox)
Where can dense irregular connective tissue be found
fibrous capsules:
- organs/joints
- dermis of the skin
- submucous of the digestive tract
Dense IRREGULAR connective tissue
structural strength, able to withstand tension frpm many directions
Dense connective tissue REGULAR
- predominately collagen fibers (can be elastic in some ligaments, arterial wall, and the larynx)
- increased tensile strenth when force applid in one direction
Dense connective tissue
high fiber distribution; also know as
“fibrous”
mostly collagen fibers
Where can you find loose areolar tissue
wrapped around organs
Where can you find loose reticular?
Hematopoetic (makes blood); lyumphoid tissues: spleen, lymph nodes, ans bone marrow
Where can loose adipose be found?
under skin, around kidneys/eyeballs, in bones, within abdomen, in breasts
