Murmurs Flashcards
Holo systolic, high pitched ‘blowing murmur’
Loudest at apex and radiates to axilla
Mitral regurgitation
Fixed split S2
ASD
What increases mitral regurgitation
Squatting, hand grip–> increased total peripheral resistance
expiration –> increased L atrium return
Holo systolic high pitched ‘blowing murmur’
Loudest at tricuspid area and radiates to R sternal border
Tricuspid regurgitation
What increases tricuspid regurgitation murmur volume?
Inspiration–> increases R atrium return
Causes of mitral regurgitation
Ischemic heart disease
Mitral valve prolapse
LV dilation
Rheumatic fever
Causes of tricuspid regurgitation
RV dilation
Endocarditis
Rheumatic fever
Crescendo decrescendo systolic ejection murmur following ejection click
Radiates to carotids or apex
Aortic stenosis
Pulses parvus et trades (pulses weak compared to heart sounds)
Aortic stenosis
Cause of aortic stenosis
Age related calcification of aortic valve
Bicuspid aortic valve
Hold systolic harsh sounding murmur
Loudest at tricuspid area
VSD
Late systolic crescendo murmur with mid systolic click
Loudest at S2
Mitral prolapse
Increase intensity of mitral prolapse
Decrease venous return
Standing to valsalva
Immediate high pitched ‘blowing’ diastolic murmur
Wide pulse pressure
Bounding pulses and head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
Cause of aortic regurgitation
Aortic root dilation
Bicuspid aortic valve
Rheumatic fever
