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micro Flashcards

1
Q

Grows on chocolate agar with Factor V (NAD+) and X (hematin)

A

H. influenzae

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2
Q

Thayer Martin/ VPN (Vancomycin, Polymyxin, Nystatin) media

A

N. gonorrhoeae

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3
Q

Bordet-Gengou (potato) agar

A

B. pertussis

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4
Q

Loffler’s media

A

C. diptheriae

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5
Q

Lowerstein Jensen agar

A

M tuberculosis

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6
Q

Eaton’s agar

A

M. pneumoniae

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7
Q

pink colonies on MacConkey agar

A

lactose fermenting enterics, like E.coli

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8
Q

blue black colonies with metallic sheen on eosin-methylene blue agar

A

E. coli

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9
Q

charcoal yeast extract agar with cysteine and iron

A

Legionella

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10
Q

Sabouraud’s agar

A

fungi

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11
Q

mycobacteria growing in serpentine fashion on selective growth medium correlates with?

A

virulence

indicates presence of cord factor

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12
Q

antibodies against polyribitol ribose phospate will protect against what organism

A

H. influenzae (epiglottitis)

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13
Q

asthmatic with bronchiectasis and transient pulm infiltrates with high IgE and eosinophilia

A

colonized with Aspergillus

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

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14
Q

recent travel to Great lakes, mississippi, ohio river basin

A

Blastomyces

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15
Q

KOH showing round yeast with doubly refractive walls and single broad based bud

A

blastomycosis

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16
Q

treatment for blastomycosis

A

Itraconazole

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17
Q

croup, barking cough

A

parainfluenze (paramyxoviridae family)

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18
Q

characteristics of CMV

A

enveloped, double stranded DNA

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19
Q

characteristics of picornavirus (polio, coxsackievirus, echovirus, hepatitis A)

A

non enveloped RNA virus

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20
Q

characteristics of rhinovirus

A

noneveloped SS+ RNA

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21
Q

characteristics of rotavirus

A

noneveloped dsRNA virus

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22
Q

characteristics of Norwalk virus

A

non enveloped ssRNA virus

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23
Q

catalase pos bacteria

A 
Staph aureus
Burkholderia cepacia
Serratia marcescens
Nocardia
Aspergillus
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24
Q

ovoid cells inside macrophages

A

histoplasmosis

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25
Q

mechanism of action of fluroquinalones

A

inhibits DNA gyrase–> bacteria DNA damage–> death

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26
Q

mechanism of tetracyclines

A

inhibit bacterial 30S ribosome

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27
Q

mechanism of macrolides (chloramphenicol, azithro)

A

inhibits bacteria 50S ribosome

28
Q

painful less ulcers –> painful ulcers and lymphadenopathy and ulceration
cell scrapings with cytoplasmic inclusion bodies

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

29
Q

mechanism of pseudomonas exotoxin A

A

inactivates EF 2 via ribosylation–> inhibits host cell protein synthesis

same as diptheria toxin

30
Q

organism causing gas gangrene

A

Clostridium perfringens

31
Q

what is the best way to suppress recurrence of genital herpes?

A

daily valcyclovir/acyclovir/ or famcyclovir after first episode

32
Q

cephalosporins effective against Pseudomonas

A

Ceftazidime (3rd gen)

cefepime (4th gen)

33
Q

grows on cysteine-tellurite agar

A

C. diptheriae

34
Q

causes of necrotizing fascitis

A

strep pyogenes (group A)
staph aureus
Clostridium perfringens

35
Q

characteristics of herpes virus

A

enveloped ds DNA

36
Q

non enveloped ssDNA

A

parvovirus

37
Q

non enveloped ds RNA

A

reovirus

e.g. rotovirus

38
Q

virulence factor for strep pyogenes

A

Protein M

39
Q

treatment of diptheriae

A
  1. diptheriae antitoxin (passive immunity)
  2. antibiotics (PCN, erythromycin)
  3. Diptheria vaccination
40
Q

characteristics of HEV

A

unenveloped SS+RNA

41
Q

liver enzymes in baby with HBV

A

mildly elevated

42
Q

gastroenteritis from domestic animals

A

Campylobacter

43
Q

mechanism of damage of C diff

A

toxins A and B disrupt actin cytoskeleton structure and intracellular signalling

44
Q

oxidase positive, gram neg, comma shaped rods, survive on alkaline media

A

Vibrio cholerae

45
Q

virus that buds through the host nuclear membrane

A

herpes virus (e.g CMV, EBC, HSV)

46
Q

mechanism of shiga like toxin

A

inactivates ribosomal subunits

47
Q

pathogenic mechanism for shigella

A

mucosal invasion

48
Q

HBV sequence of replication

A

dsDNA–> template +RNA –> progeny dsDNA

49
Q

What picoranavirus is acid labile?

A

Rhinovirus

destroyed by stomach and and cannot infect GI tract like other picornaviruses.

50
Q

fever, sore throat, conjunctivitis, cervical lymphadenopathy

A

Adenovirus

51
Q

fever, rash, post auricular lymphadenopathy

A

Rubella

52
Q

virus family of Rubella

A

togavirus

53
Q

Ecoli virulence factor for septic shock

A

LPS: Lipid A

54
Q

Ecoli virulence factor for cystitis and pyleo

A

fimbriae

55
Q

Ecoli virulence factor fir PNA and neonatal meningitis

A

K capsule

56
Q

mechanism of action of acyclovir/gancyclovir

A

Guanosine analog: inhibits DNA replication by incorporating in DNA but cannot elongate–> termination of DNA strand

57
Q

Staph saprophyticus

A

common cause of UTI in sexually active women

58
Q

characteristics of staph saprophyticus

A

gram pos
catalase pos
coagulase neg
novobiocin resistance

59
Q

dysuria and blood in urine with U/S showing hydronephrosis and bladder wall thickening

A

urinary schistomiasis

Schistosoma haematobium

60
Q

what kind of animal contact with schistomiasis?

A

snails

61
Q

adult symptoms of rubella

A

polyarthralgias

62
Q

mechanism of scalded skin syndrome

A

exotoxins produced by staph species

act like proteases and cleave desmogian in desmosomes

63
Q

mediators of neutrophils

A

LTB4
C5a
IL8
bacterial products

64
Q

mechanism of toxic shock syndrome

A

toxic shock syndrome toxin binds to T cell and antigen presenting cell super tight and causes more T cell proliferation than normal

65
Q

mechanism of toxic shock syndrome symptoms

A

widespread T cell activation–> increased release of IL2, IL1 and TNF alpha

66
Q

UTIs at daycare
acute dysuria and hematuria
virus responsible?

A

hemorrhagic cystitis

Adenovirus

67
Q

bacterial with polypeptide capsule

A

B. anthracis

made of D-glutamate

remember (16 decks)

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