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immuno Flashcards

1
Q

where do you find macrophages in LN

A

medullary sinus

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2
Q

where do you find T cells in LN

A

paracortex

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3
Q

where do you find B cells in LN

A

follicle of cortex

pale central germinal are where they are actively differentiating with isotype switching

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4
Q

where do you find T cells in the spleen

A

PALS

periaterial lymphatic sheath

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5
Q

where are B cells in the spleen

A

germinal centers in the white pulp

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6
Q

cell markers for macrophages

A

CD 14, CD40, MHC 2, B7

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7
Q

cell markers for B cells

A

CD 19, 20, 21 (receptor for EBV)

CD40 MHC 2, B7

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8
Q 
cerebellar defects (ataxia)
spider angiomas
IgA deficiency
A

Ataxia telangitasias

defect in ATM, DNA repair gene. Very sensitive to ionizing radiation

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9
Q

what cell prevents hematogenous spread of candida

A

neutrophils

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10
Q

What is released from the mitochondria during intrinsic pathway apoptosis

A

cytochrome c

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11
Q

proximal muscle weakness

muscle bx shows MHC I overexpression on the sarcolemma and CD8 lymphcyte proliferation

A

polymyositis

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12
Q

urethritis, arthritis, conjunctivitis

A

reactive arthritis, associated with sacroilitis

HLA B27

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13
Q

delayed separation of the umbilical cord

A

leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1–> defective LFA-1 integrin

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14
Q

sore throat and fever with cervical lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly

peripheral blood smear shows large lymphocytes with edges conforming to neighboring cells

A

EBV

these are CD8 cytotoxic T cells

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15
Q

what kind of Ig is anti D (Rh)?

A

IgG

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16
Q

describe mechanism of acute rejection

A

Host T cell sensitization against graft MHC (happens fast)

17
Q

What is rheumatoid factor?

A

IgM Ab against Fc of self Ig

18
Q

recurrent viral, bacterial, fungal, and protozoal infections

no thymus

A

SCID

can be caused by adenosine deaminase deficiency

19
Q

Thrombocytic purpura
infections
Ezcema

A

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

decreased IgM
increased IgE, IgA

20
Q

What proteins are necessary on a cell to be infected by HIV

A

CD4

CCR5 (chemokine receptor)

21
Q

histology of acute rejection

A

dense interstitial infiltrate

22
Q

histology of chronic rejection

A

fibrosis of graft tissue and blood vessels (obliterative vascular fibrosis)

23
Q

recurrent bacterial infections after 6mo
absence of thymic shadow
decreased B cells and Ig

A

Bruton’s agammaglobulinemia
X linked recessive
blocks pro B cells from forming pre B cells

24
Q

IL-12 receptor deficiency tx

A

no IL12 receptor–> decreased TH1–> decreased IFN gamma

25
Q 
facies
non inflammed staph abcess
retained primary teeth
eczema
increased IgE
A

hyper IgE

cells cannot make IFN gamma–> decreased suppression of TH2–> increased IgE

26
Q

frequent infections by catalase positive organisms

negative nitroblye tetrazolium dye reduction test on neutrophils

A

Chronic granulomatous disease

not producing NADPH oxidase–> decreased oxygen species

27
Q

mechanism of hyper IgM syndrome

A

defective CD40L on helper T cells–> cannot bind B cells and induce class switching–> can only make IgM

no switching–> no germinal centers in LN (where B cells differentiate)

28
Q

cell marker for NK cells

A

CD56, CD16

29
Q

inhibitory cytokines

A

TGF beta
IL10 (from Th2 inhibiting Th1)
IFN gamma (from Th1 suppressing Th2)

30
Q

albanism
recurrent staph and strep infections
peripheral neuropathy

A

Chediak-Higashi

defect in fusion of lysosome and phagosome

31
Q

what cellular changes does IFN alpha and beta induce?

A

inhibits viral protein synthesis and degradation of intracellular mRNA by inducing production of ribonuclease

32
Q

What cells produced IFN gamma and what is its effect?

A

macrophages and Tcells

promotes Th1 differentiation, activates macrophages and increases MHCII production.

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